The use of PET/CT scanning technique for 3D visualization and quantification of real-time soil/plant interactions
The use of PET/CT scanning technique for 3D visualization and quantification of real-time soil/plant interactions
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DOI：
10.1007/s11104-011-0983-8
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Pajor, Radoslaw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garbout, Amin;Munkholm, Lars J.;Pajor, Radoslaw
目的 使用破坏性采样的传统方法非常费力且空间和时间分辨率较差，限制了我们对土壤与植物相互作用的理解。新的非侵入性断层扫描技术有可能显着提高我们的知识。在这项研究中，我们展示了同时使用 PET（正电子发射断层扫描）和 CT（X 射线计算机断层扫描）来 (a) 对生长在沙子中的整个植物进行无损成像，以及 (b) 将观察到的形态与最近同化的 C 联系起来。PET 扫描仪用于检测和可视化植物通过 C-11 标记吸收的短寿命放射性同位素 C-11（半衰期为 20.4 分钟）的位置。二氧化碳。这提供了有关植物中碳易位和光同化物代谢以及根结构的信息。 CT扫描仪产生土壤和根系结构的数据。方法使用医用PET/CT扫描仪扫描生长在盆中的饲料萝卜植物，测试土壤由均质沙组成。我们构建了空气-植物-土壤控制器系统（APS）来控制实验过程中的环境条件，如二氧化碳、温度和光照。在开始 PET 扫描之前，允许植物同化 (CO2)-C-11 90 分钟。我们进行了 60 分钟的 PET 扫描。随后，切掉植物的地上部分，并使用微型 CT 扫描仪重新扫描盆，以获得有关根系结构和生长介质结构的更详细信息。结果获得的 PET 和 CT 图像清晰地显示了根和土壤的结构和形态。使用 CT 扫描仪，我们能够检测到位于 0 至 30 毫米深度的主主根。使用 PET 扫描仪，我们能够测量沙子表面以下 82 毫米的信号。我们发现C-11在主根位置的浓度最高。不同时间间隔的 PET 图像显示了光同化物从顶部到根部的易位和代谢。使用微型 CT 扫描仪（体素尺寸为 90 微米），我们能够检测到深度达 100 毫米的根。这些发现与 82 毫米深度测量的 PET 信号相关。 结论 我们得出结论，同时使用 PET 和 CT 技术已成功应用于土壤植物研究。尽管由于空间分辨率的限制，组合的 PET/CT 技术有潜力为土壤-植物相互作用，特别是非生物胁迫的影响提供新的基本见解。
Aims Conventional methodology using destructive sampling, which is laborious and has poor spatial and temporal resolution, has limited our understanding of soil-plant interactions. New non-invasive tomographic techniques have the potential to significantly improve our knowledge. In this study we demonstrated the simultaneous use of PET (positron emission tomography) and CT (X-ray computed tomography) to (a) non-destructively image a whole plant growing in sand, and (b) to link the observed morphology with recently assimilated C. The PET scanner was used to detect and visualize the location of the short-lived radioisotope C-11 (with a half-life of 20.4 min) taken up by the plant through C-11-labelled CO2. This provided information on carbon translocation and the metabolism of photo-assimilates in the plant as well as root structure. The CT scanners yielded data on soil and root structure.Methods A medical PET/CT scanner was used to scan a fodder radish plant growing in a pot with test soil composed of homogenous sand. We constructed an air-plant-soil controller system (APS) to control the environmental conditions, such as CO2, temperature and light during the experiment. The plant was allowed to assimilate (CO2)-C-11 for 90 min before PET scanning was initiated. We carried out PET scanning for 60 min. Subsequently, the aerial parts of the plant was cut off and the pot was rescanned using a micro-CT scanner to obtain more detailed information on structure of the root system and the growth medium structure.Results The acquired PET and CT images gave images clearly visualizing the architecture and morphology of root and soil. Using a CT scanner, we were able to detect the main taproot located at 0 to 30 mm depth. With the PET scanner, we were able to measure a signal down to 82 mm below the surface of the sand. We found the highest concentration of C-11 at the position of the main root. The PET images, at different time intervals, showed the translocation and metabolisation of photo-assimilates from top to root. Using the micro-CT scanner (voxel size of 90 mu m), we were able to detect roots down to 100 mm depth. These findings correlated the PET signals measured down to 82 mm depth.Conclusions We conclude that the simultaneous use of PET and CT technologies was successfully applied for soil-plant studies. The combined PET/CT technology has potential to provide new fundamental insight into soil-plant interactions and especially into the effect of abiotic stresses in spite of the limitation due to spatial resolution.