Childhood Obesity and the Food Environment: A Population-Based Sample of Public School Children in New York City
Childhood Obesity and the Food Environment: A Population-Based Sample of Public School Children in New York City
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DOI：
10.1002/oby.22663
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Amy Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elbel, Brian;Tamura, Kosuke;Schwartz, Amy Ellen
目的本研究旨在探讨儿童家庭周围健康和不健康食品店的接近程度与其体重结果之间的关系。方法使用2009-2013年纽约市公立学校学生年度FitnessGram评估的身高和体重数据，共计3，507，542名学生年观察结果。计算BMI z分数，使用疾病控制和预防中心的生长图表确定学生肥胖或肥胖/超重，并将这些数据与四种食品出口类型（快餐店，等待服务餐厅，街角商店和超市）的位置相结合，以计算到最近的出口的距离。使用邻近（人口普查区）固定效应检查体重状况结果与到这些食品出口类型的距离之间的关联。居住在距离最近的快餐店超过0.025英里（约半个城市街区）的地方与较低的肥胖和肥胖/超重风险以及较低的BMI z评分相关。结果范围从2.5%到4.4%减少肥胖。超过这一距离，一般没有食品环境的影响，几乎没有其他食品出口类型的影响。结论：离快餐店近与儿童肥胖呈负相关，但除此之外没有发现其他关系。这些发现可以帮助更好地为关注粮食获取的政策提供信息，从而减少儿童肥胖。
Objective This study aimed to examine the relationship between proximity to healthy and unhealthy food outlets around children's homes and their weight outcomes. Methods A total of 3,507,542 student-year observations of height and weight data from the 2009-2013 annual FitnessGram assessment of New York City public school students were used. BMI z scores were calculated, student obesity or obesity/overweight was determined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, and these data were combined with the locations of four food outlet types (fast-food restaurants, wait-service restaurants, corner stores, and supermarkets) to calculate distance to the nearest outlet. Associations between weight status outcomes and distance to these food outlet types were examined using neighborhood (census tract) fixed effects. Results Living farther than 0.025 mile (about half of a city block) from the nearest fast-food restaurant was associated with lower obesity and obesity/overweight risk and lower BMI z scores. Results ranged from 2.5% to 4.4% decreased obesity. Beyond this distance, there were generally no impacts of the food environment and little to no impact of other food outlet types. Conclusions Proximity to fast-food restaurants was inversely related to childhood obesity, but no relationships beyond that were seen. These findings can help better inform policies focused on food access, which could, in turn, reduce childhood obesity.