Sociology in American Higher Education
Sociology in American Higher Education
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美国高等教育中的社会学
DOI：
10.1163/9789047407416_022
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Pereyra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Pereyra
美国社会学历史学家应该能够讲述学术教授何时开始在这一领域出版著作和教授课程。然而，这种说法并不直截了当。课程名称中使用的术语本身是不一致的。有时，教授们使用“社会科学”这个名称，但使用的文本显然是社会学的。有时会用到“社会学”这个词，但这门课的风格是演绎的和哲学的。像威廉·格雷厄姆·萨姆纳和弗雷德里克·J·泰加特这样的重要人物在教授和撰写社会学时避免使用“社会学”一词--前者前后不一，后者始终如一。有时，一门名为“基督教社会学”的课程在很大程度上是定量的，即使是在神学院教授的。社会学教授拥有多个领域的学位--文学、宗教、人类学、哲学、经济学、历史，偶尔还有社会学。许多十九世纪的博士学位似乎是基于服务和声誉而不是基于研究来授予荣誉的。对这一领域的总体描述不仅作为一个故事本身很重要，而且对于个别社会学家的职业生涯来说也是一个背景。当一个特定的人从一个机构转到另一个机构时--就像爱德华·A·罗斯从约翰·霍普金斯大学毕业后在印第安纳、康奈尔、斯坦福、内布拉斯加和威斯康星州工作--社会学历史学家应该能够识别出他职业生涯不同阶段的同事，是谁帮助构成了他的思想环境。此外，了解这些同事自己在哪里学习和工作也会有所帮助。为此，我努力建立了一个有关教授或出版社会学的早期美国教授的数据库。本文介绍了数据库开发第一年的描述性信息。截至2004年7月，这些数据已经得出
Historians of American sociology should be able to present a narrative of when academic professors began to publish works in the field and teach courses in it. Such a narrative is not straightforward, however. The very nomenclature used in course titles was inconsistent. Sometimes professors used the title “Social Science” but used texts that were clearly sociological. Sometimes the term “Sociology” was used, but the course was deductive and philosophical in style. Such important figures as William Graham Sumner and Frederick J. Teggart avoided the term “Sociology” when they taught and wrote sociology—the former inconsistently and the latter consistently. On occasions a course named “Christian Sociology” was largely quantitative in nature, even if taught in a divinity school. Professors of sociology held degrees in an array of fields—literature, religion, anthropology, philosophy, economics, history, and once in a while sociology. Many nineteenth century doctorates appear to have been honorific conferrals based on service and reputation rather than on research.A general narrative of the field is not only important as a tale in itself but a context for the careers of individual sociologists. When a given individual moved from one institution to another—as did Edward A. Ross when he graduated from Johns Hopkins and then worked at Indiana, Cornell, Stanford, Nebraska, and Wisconsin—historians of sociology should be able to identify his colleagues in the various stages of his career who helped comprise his intellectual environment. Moreover, it would help to know where those colleagues themselves had studied and worked. To these ends, I have endeavored to assemble a database on early American professors who taught or published sociology. This paper presents descriptive information from the database in the first year of its development. As of July 2004, the data have been derived