Homologous recombination deficiency: how genomic signatures are generated.

Homologous recombination deficiency: how genomic signatures are generated.
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同源重组缺陷:基因组特征是如何产生的。

DOI:
10.1016/j.gde.2021.01.002
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发表时间:
2021-03
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Powell SN
Powell SN
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Setton J;Reis-Filho JS;Powell SN

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癌症基因组含有突变和结构重排,这些重排由DNA损伤和修复机制共同塑造。越来越多的证据表明,DNA修复缺陷型肿瘤的遗传改变反映了维持细胞活力所需的备用DNA修复机制的使用所造成的疤痕。对BRCA 1/2缺陷型肿瘤中存在的突变和结构重排模式的详细分析,可以描绘出反映非活性同源重组(HR)替代修复的基因组特征。在这里,我们的目标是总结与HR缺陷相关的基因组特征分析的最新进展,并检查最近的研究,揭示了负责HR缺陷肿瘤中基因组瘢痕形成的备份修复机制。
Cancer genomes harbor mutational and structural rearrangements that are jointly shaped by DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that genetic alterations in DNA repair-defective tumors reflect the scars caused by the use of backup DNA repair mechanisms needed to maintain cellular viability. Detailed analysis of the patterns of mutations and structural rearrangements present in BRCA1/2-deficient tumors has allowed for the delineation of genomic signatures that reflect alternative repair with inactive homologous recombination (HR). Here we aim to summarize recent advances in the analysis of genomic signatures associated with HR-deficiency and examine recent studies that have shed light on the backup repair mechanisms responsible for genomic scarring in HR-deficient tumors.
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