Development and growth of the calcaneal tendon sheath with special reference to its topographical relationship with the tendon of the plantaris muscle: a histological study of human fetuses
Development and growth of the calcaneal tendon sheath with special reference to its topographical relationship with the tendon of the plantaris muscle: a histological study of human fetuses
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DOI：
10.1007/s00276-023-03086-y
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
S. Hayashi;Ji Hyun Kim;Z. Jin;G. Murakami;J. Rodríguez-Vázquez;H. Abe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hayashi;Ji Hyun Kim;Z. Jin;G. Murakami;J. Rodríguez-Vázquez;H. Abe
背景和目的跟骨腱鞘有多条血管通路，是常见的炎症部位。在成人中，它与跖肌腱有关，但在结构和插入部位上存在个体差异。我们描述的变化的腱鞘在胎儿development.Materials和methodsHistological切片的20个胎儿的单侧踝关节进行了检查，10个在8-12周胎龄（GA）和12个在26-39周GA。ResultsAt 8-12周GA，腱鞘只是由一个多层的层，涉及跖肌腱。在26-39周时，每个跟腱都有一个多层鞘，大致可分为三层。最内层附着于肌腱，有时包含跖肌腱;多层中间层包含血管，通常包含跖肌腱;最外层较厚，并连接其他筋膜结构，如胫神经鞘和皮下足底筋膜。中间层合并与最外层附近的插入到calcaneus.ConclusionIn尽管成人之间的显着变化，胎儿足底肌腱总是包含在最近的胎儿跟骨腱鞘的最内层或中间层。出生后，诸如行走的机械应力可能导致多层鞘以各种方式融合或分离。当重建发生在出生后，可能有个别差异的血液供应路线和形态的远端跖肌腱。
Background and purposeThe calcaneal tendon sheath has several vascular routes and is a common site of inflammation. In adults, it is associated with the plantaris muscle tendon, but there are individual variations in the architecture and insertion site. We describe changes of the tendon sheath during fetal development.Materials and methodsHistological sections of the unilateral ankles of 20 fetuses were examined, ten at 8–12 weeks gestational age (GA) and twelve at 26–39 weeks GA.ResultsAt 8–12 weeks GA, the tendon sheath simply consisted of a multilaminar layer that involved the plantaris tendon. At 26–39 weeks, each calcaneal tendon had a multilaminar sheath that could be roughly divided into three layers. The innermost layer was attached to the tendon and sometimes contained the plantaris tendon; the multilaminar intermediate layer contained vessels and often contained the plantaris tendon; and the outermost layer was thick and joined other fascial structures, such as a tibial nerve sheath and subcutaneous plantar fascia. The intermediate layer merged with the outermost layer near the insertion to the calcaneus.ConclusionIn spite of significant variations among adults, the fetal plantar tendon was always contained in an innermost or intermediate layer of the calcaneal tendon sheath in near-term fetuses. After birth, mechanical stresses such as walking might lead to fusion or separation of the multilaminar sheath in various manners. When reconstruction occurs postnatally, there may be individual variations in blood supply routes and morphology of the distal end of the plantaris tendon.