Inflammasome activation by Gram-positive bacteria: Mechanisms of activation and regulation.
Inflammasome activation by Gram-positive bacteria: Mechanisms of activation and regulation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1075834
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Nagao, Prescilla Emy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keestra-Gounder, A. Marijke;Nagao, Prescilla Emy
炎性小体是由先天免疫传感器、衔接蛋白ASC和炎性半胱天冬酶-1和/或-11组成的细胞内多聚体蛋白复合物，并且对于宿主防御病原体是重要的。受体的激活导致炎性小体的形成和随后的半胱天冬酶-1的加工和激活，半胱天冬酶-1切割促炎细胞因子IL-1β和IL-18。活性胱天蛋白酶-1，在某些情况下胱天蛋白酶-11，切割gasdermin D，其易位到细胞膜，在那里它形成孔，导致称为焦亡的细胞死亡程序。炎性小体可以通过直接相互作用或间接通过不同的细胞过程（包括离子通量的变化、活性氧的产生和各种宿主细胞功能的破坏）来检测一系列微生物配体。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注NLRP 3，NLRP 6，NLRC 4和AIM 2炎性小体，以及它们在革兰氏阳性菌（包括葡萄球菌属）感染期间如何被激活和调节，链球菌属和单核细胞增生李斯特菌。
The inflammasomes are intracellular multimeric protein complexes consisting of an innate immune sensor, the adapter protein ASC and the inflammatory caspases-1 and/or -11 and are important for the host defense against pathogens. Activaton of the receptor leads to formation of the inflammasomes and subsequent processing and activation of caspase-1 that cleaves the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Active caspase-1, and in some instances caspase-11, cleaves gasdermin D that translocates to the cell membrane where it forms pores resulting in the cell death program called pyroptosis. Inflammasomes can detect a range of microbial ligands through direct interaction or indirectly through diverse cellular processes including changes in ion fluxes, production of reactive oxygen species and disruption of various host cell functions. In this review, we will focus on the NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes and how they are activated and regulated during infections with Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Listeria monocytogenes.
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