Norge Blir en Stat, 1130-1319
Norge Blir en Stat, 1130-1319
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挪威布利尔恩统计，1130-1319
DOI：
10.1086/ahr/71.1.143
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发表时间：
1965
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Knut Helle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Jochens;Knut Helle
144 书评传统的政治和教会叙事，其来源，尤其是传奇故事，相当丰富；相反，他想从整体上分析中世纪社会，但不幸的是，对于他的早期时期来说，资料来源太少了。因此，本书超过三分之一的篇幅是对十三世纪末中世纪盛期社会的分析。他的资料来源是马格努斯·拉加贝特时代的综合法律、不断增加的文凭数量以及来自后来更好的证据的回顾性结论。他意识到他明智地使用了最后一种方法的陷阱。他涉及的主题包括人口数据、土地分配、城镇和贸易、管辖权、立法、王权、中央和地方行政、知识问题等等。特别有趣的是他对世俗贵族的讨论，在中世纪盛期，世俗贵族的性质发生了变化，从当地的上层阶级变成了忠诚于王权并集中在皇家家族中的贵族。与其他欧洲国家相比，土地匮乏在很大程度上解释了贵族阶级的弱势地位。作者谨慎地指出了资料来源不足和学术调查缺乏的地方，并且他还指出了现代学术在许多方面的不同解释。这本书有优秀的参考书目。本卷是计划分为五卷的大型手册中的第一卷，旨在概述挪威历史的整个领域。
144 Reviews of Books the traditional political and ecclesiastical narrative of which the sources, especially the sagas, are quite abundant; rather he wants to analyze medieval society as a whole, but unfortunately the sources are too scanty for the earlier part of his period. More than a third of the book is therefore an analysis of the high medieval society at the end of the thirteenth century. Here his sources are the comprehensive laws from Magnus Lagabete's time, the increased number of diplomas and retrospective conclusions from later and better evidence. He is aware of the pitfalls of this last method which he uses judiciously. He deals with topics like population figures, the distribution of land, towns and trade, jurisdiction, lawmaking, kingship, central and local administration, intellectual matters, and so forth. Of special interest is his discussion of the lay aristocracy, which changed its character during the High Middle Ages from a local upper classto a nobility loyally attached to the royal power and concentrated in the royal hird. The paucity of land largely explains the weak position of the aristocracy compared to other European countries.The author is careful to point out where sources are inadequate and scholarly investigations lacking, and he also notes the divergent interpretations of modern scholarship at many points. The book has excellent bibliographies. The present volume is the first of a larger handbook planned in five volumes and intended to survey the whole field of Norwegian history.