Effects of soil type and farm management on soil ecological functional genes and microbial activities
Effects of soil type and farm management on soil ecological functional genes and microbial activities
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2010.42
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Reganold, John P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reeve, Jennifer R.;Schadt, Christopher W.;Reganold, John P.
土壤微生物多样性与土壤功能之间的关系是一个备受争议的话题。过程一级的分析表明，微生物的功能因土壤类型而异，并对土壤管理作出反应。然而，这种测量不能确定群落结构和多样性在土壤功能中的作用。本研究的目的是调查基因频率和多样性的作用，通过微阵列分析，土壤过程中测量。这项研究是在一个农业生态系统中进行的，其特点是对比管理措施和土壤类型。八对相邻的商业有机和传统的草莓领域相匹配的土壤类型，草莓品种，和所有其他环境条件。利用功能基因芯片（FGA）对土壤理化和生物学特性进行了分析。土壤物理和化学特性主要取决于土壤质地类型（粗与细质地），但生物和FGA措施的管理（有机与常规）的影响。有机管理的土壤始终表现出更大的功能活性以及FGA信号强度（SI）和多样性。总体FGA SI和多样性与土壤微生物总生物量相关。功能基因组SI和/或多样性相关的土壤化学和生物措施，如微生物生物量，纤维素，脱氢酶，铵和硫。管理是土壤生物学的主要决定因素，以微生物基因频率和多样性来衡量，而微生物基因频率和多样性又是衡量微生物过程的重要指标。The ISME Journal（2010）4，1099-1107; doi：10.1038/ismej.2010.42; 2010年4月8日在线发表
Relationships between soil microbial diversity and soil function are the subject of much debate. Process-level analyses have shown that microbial function varies with soil type and responds to soil management. However, such measurements cannot determine the role of community structure and diversity in soil function. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of gene frequency and diversity, measured by microarray analysis, on soil processes. The study was conducted in an agro-ecosystem characterized by contrasting management practices and soil types. Eight pairs of adjacent commercial organic and conventional strawberry fields were matched for soil type, strawberry variety, and all other environmental conditions. Soil physical, chemical and biological analyses were conducted including functional gene microarrays (FGA). Soil physical and chemical characteristics were primarily determined by soil textural type (coarse vs fine-textured), but biological and FGA measures were more influenced by management (organic vs conventional). Organically managed soils consistently showed greater functional activity as well as FGA signal intensity (SI) and diversity. Overall FGA SI and diversity were correlated to total soil microbial biomass. Functional gene group SI and/or diversity were correlated to related soil chemical and biological measures such as microbial biomass, cellulose, dehydrogenase, ammonium and sulfur. Management was the dominant determinant of soil biology as measured by microbial gene frequency and diversity, which paralleled measured microbial processes. The ISME Journal (2010) 4, 1099-1107; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2010.42; published online 8 April 2010