Presence of sex steroids and cytochrome P450 genes in amphioxus
Presence of sex steroids and cytochrome P450 genes in amphioxus
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DOI：
10.1210/en.2007-0109
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Kubokawa, Kaoru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mizuta, Takanobu;Kubokawa, Kaoru
从无脊椎动物到哺乳动物，所有脊椎动物都存在性类固醇及其受体，但在无脊椎动物中没有。在尿索动物的基因组分析中，缺乏对性类固醇生物合成至关重要的细胞色素P450(CyP)基因。在本研究中，我们通过放射免疫分析证实了文昌鱼性腺中雌激素、雄激素和孕激素的存在，文昌鱼被认为比其他无脊椎动物在进化上更接近脊椎动物。此外，还从文昌鱼卵巢中克隆了编码细胞色素P11A、细胞色素P17和细胞色素P19的基因和17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶的转录本。在无脊椎动物中，附生带绦虫和珊瑚中存在羟基类固醇脱氢酶和代谢类固醇。然而，在无脊椎动物中还没有证明细胞色素P450代谢性类固醇，也没有试图考虑从胆固醇到雌激素的整个途径。这项研究首次证明无脊椎动物的性激素产生过程中存在CYP酶。
The presence of sex steroids and their receptors has been demonstrated in all vertebrate groups from Agnatha to Mammalia but not in invertebrates. In genomic analyses of urochordates, cytochrome P450 ( CYP) genes important for biosynthesis of sex steroids are absent. In the present study, we confirmed the presence of estrogen, androgen, and progesterone by using radioimmunoassay in gonads of amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri, which is considered to be evolutionarily closer to vertebrates than other invertebrates. Furthermore, CYP genes encoding CYP11A, CYP17, and CYP19 and transcripts for 17 beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were cloned from amphioxus ovaries. Among invertebrates, the presence of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes and metabolized steroids was shown in paracytic Taenia and corals. However, CYPs metabolizing sex steroids have not been demonstrated in invertebrates, nor has an attempt been made to consider the entire pathway from cholesterol to estrogen. This study is the first evidence to suggest the presence of CYP enzymes in sex steroid production in invertebrates.