Relationship between seed yield heterosis and molecular marker heterozygosity in soybean
Relationship between seed yield heterosis and molecular marker heterozygosity in soybean
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DOI：
10.1007/s001220050583
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发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Dyer, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cerna, FJ;Cianzio, SR;Dyer, D
大豆[Glycine max（L.）梅尔。]种子产量的杂种优势已被报道，分子标记可用于选择表现杂种优势和产量改良的不同亲本。本研究的目的是确定分子标记是否可以用于预测大豆产量杂种优势。从每个成熟度组（MG）II和III，选择21个基因型的基础上，高产（HY），不同的地理来源（GO），同工酶位点（ISO）和限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）的多样性，并在MG和选择标准组内进行杂交，以获得6个F-1杂种每组。在2年内的两个地点的重复试验中，每个MG的21个亲本和24个F-1杂交种的产量进行了评估，并计算了中亲杂种优势（MPH）和高亲杂种优势（HPH）估计。在第一年的杂交表现的基础上，在每个MG中选择12个亲本（每个选择标准组3个），使用129个探针进行第二次RFLP分析。利用该RFLP信息计算了12种基因型的遗传距离（GD（M）），并与MPH和HPH估计值进行了相关。在MG II的四个选择标准组中，以及MG III的HY，ISO和GO中，在组合方差分析中观察到种子产量的显着MPH平均值。仅在MG II的ISO和GO组中观察到显著的HPH平均值。在两个MG的ISO和GO组中观察到具有显著MPH的F-1杂种的最大频率。对于HPH，在两种MG的ISO组中观察到的频率最高。在两个MG中，ISO组的绝对MPH值最大; RFLP组通常最小。结果表明，杂种优势的表现可能与亲本同工酶位点的多样性有关。对于第二次RFLP分析中的基因型，GD（M）s与MPH和HPH值的相关性较低，不显著，表明产量杂种优势可能与RFLP所确定的分子水平上的遗传多样性无关。结果表明，在大豆中，根据RFLP和同工酶位点进行亲本选择以利用种子产量的杂种优势可能是不可行的。RFLP分析估计的遗传距离与种子产量杂种优势之间没有关联，尽管观察到同工酶位点与产量杂种优势之间的关系，但由于大豆中可测定的同工酶位点的数量减少，使用同工酶标记选择亲本的实用性可能受到限制。
In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] heterosis has been reported for seed yield, Molecular markers may be useful to select diverse parents for the expression of heterosis and yield improvement. The objective of this study was to determine; if molecular markers could be used to predict yield heterosis in soybean. From each Maturity Group (MG) II and III, 21 genotypes were selected on the basis of high yield (HY), different geographic origin (GO), and isozyme loci (ISO) and for diversity in restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), and crosses were made within MGs and selection criteria groups to obtain 6 F-1 hybrids per group. The 21 parents and the 24 F-1 hybrids of each MG were evaluated for yield in replicated tests at two locations in 2 years, and midparent heterosis (MPH) and high-parent heterosis (HPH) estimates were calculated. On the basis of hybrid performance during the first year, 12 parents (3 per selection criteria group) were chosen in each MG to conduct a second RFLP analysis using 129 probes. Genetic distances (GD(M)) for pairs of the 12 genotypes were calculated with this RFLP information and correlated with MPH and HPH estimates. Significant MPH averages for seed yield were observed in the combined analysis of variance in each of the four selection criteria groups of MG II, and in the HY, ISO, and GO of MG III. Significant HPH averages were observed only in the ISO and GO groups of MG II. The greatest frequency of F-1 hybrids with significant MPH was observed in the ISO and GO groups of both MGs. For HPH, the greatest frequency was observed in the ISO group of both MGs. In both MGs, the ISO group had the largest absolute MPH value; the RFLP group had generally the smallest. The observations indicated that the expression of heterosis in seed yield might be associated with diversity in the isozyme loci present in the parents. For the genotypes included in the second RFLP analysis, correlations of GD(M)s with MPH and HPH values on an entry-mean basis were low and not significant, indicating that heterosis in yield may not be associated with genetic diversity at the molecular level as determined by RFLPs. The results suggest that in soybean, parent selection on the basis of RFLPs and isozyme loci to exploit heterosis in seed yield may not be feasible. There was no association between genetic distance estimated by the RFLP analysis and seed yield heterosis, and in spite of the observed relationship between isozyme loci and heterosis for yield, the practicality of using the isozyme markers to select parents may be limited because of the reduced number of assayable isozyme loci in soybean.