Deficits in emotion based decision-making in schizophrenia; a new insight based on the Iowa Gambling Task
Deficits in emotion based decision-making in schizophrenia; a new insight based on the Iowa Gambling Task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.10.007
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发表时间：
2015-03-03
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Iyo, Masaomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matsuzawa, Daisuke;Shirayama, Yukihiko;Iyo, Masaomi
背景：决策缺陷是精神分裂症患者认知功能受损的一种症状。据报道，精神分裂症患者的爱荷华州赌博任务 (IGT) 受到损害，但这些结果在各研究中并不一致。 方法：我们根据受试者是否对在任务过程中破译有利策略表示确定性来区分受试者。我们使用精神分裂症患者的 IGT 研究了这种损伤，并在所有 100 张卡片选择 [C+D]-[A+B](1-100) 中进行了与标准有利牌组减去不利牌组不同的分析。我们研究了受到重大处罚后对行为的影响。结果：结果取决于参与者是否确定地使用获得积极收益的最佳策略。不确定的精神分裂症患者未能表现出纸牌选择的转变，从不利的牌组转向有利的牌组。通过使用从区块 1 到区块 3-5 的改进，[C+D]-[A+B]([41-100]-[1-20]) (P < 0.001)，而不是通过区块 3-5 的综合值，[C+D]-[A+B](41-100) (P = 0.011）。精神分裂症患者基于情感的学习缺陷（无不确定性）与 SANS 和 S5 注意力得分有关。此外，S1 情感奉承和 S4 快感缺乏-不社交也与这些缺陷有关。有一段时间，无论有或没有策略的确定性，正常控制显示出在受到重大惩罚后从不利牌组到有利牌组的平稳转变。然而，在相同条件下，即使在受到重大处罚后，精神分裂症患者也未能表现出从不利牌组转向有利牌组的能力。 结论：我们的结果强调了在受到大处罚后策略和行为的确定性，这是精神分裂症患者和正常对照组在净分数累积方面的两点差异。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: Defective decision-making is a symptom of impaired cognitive function observed in patients with schizophrenia. Impairment on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) has been reported in patients with schizophrenia, but these results are inconsistent among studies.Methods: We differentiated subjects based on whether they expressed certainty at having deciphered an advantageous strategy in the course of the task. We investigated this impairment using the IGT in patients with schizophrenia and performed analysis different to standard advantageous decks minus disadvantageous decks in all 100 card choices, [C+D]-[A+B](1-100). We examined the effects on behavior after receiving a big penalty. Results: Results were dependent on participants utilizing with or without certainty, the best strategy for positive gain. Schizophrenic patients without certainty failed to show card choice shift, from disadvantageous to advantageous decks. Differences in card choices on the IGT were clearly shown between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls by the use of improvement from block 1 to blocks 3-5, [C+D]-[A+B]([41-100]-[1-20]) (P < 0.001), rather than by the composite value of blocks 3-5, [C+D]-[A+B](41-100) (P = 0.011). The deficit of emotion-based learning in schizophrenia without uncertainty were related to scores on the SANS and S5 attention. In addition, S1 affective flattering and S4 anhedonia-asociality were also related to these deficits. For a while, normal controls showed a smooth shift from disadvantageous to advantageous decks after big penalties, with orwithout a certainty for strategy. However, patients with schizophrenia failed to show switching from disadvantageous to advantageous decks, even after big penalties, under the same conditions.Conclusions: Our results highlight certainty of strategy and behavior after a big penalty, as two points of difference between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls in the accumulation of net scores. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.