How diverse is the diet of adult South Africans?
How diverse is the diet of adult South Africans?
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2891-10-33
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发表时间：
2011-04-17
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Nel, Johanna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Labadarios, Demetre;Steyn, Nelia Patricia;Nel, Johanna
背景：本研究的目的是衡量所有人口群体中 16 岁及以上南非人的饮食多样性，作为粮食安全的指标。方法：使用了一项代表南非所有特定年龄、省份、地理区域和社会经济阶层的成年人的横断面研究 (n = 3287)。受过培训的访谈员在调查期间拜访了参与者的家中。饮食数据是通过面部验证的 24 小时回忆来收集的，但并未量化。通过对 9 个食物组中的每一个进行计数来计算饮食多样性得分 (DDS)。 DDS < 4 被认为反映了膳食多样性差和粮食安全差。结果：膳食多样性差（DDS < 4）患病率最高的省份是林波波省（61.8%）和东开普省（59.6%）。相比之下，西开普省只有 15.7% 的参与者得分较低。部落地区（63.9%）和非正规城市地区（55.7%）的参与者受影响最严重。根据生活标准均值 (LSM) 分析，DDS 存在显着差异 (p < 0.05)，最低 LSM 组的平均 DDS 最低 (2.93)。最常食用的食物类别是谷物/根类；肉/鱼；乳制品和蔬菜以外维生素A含量丰富。鸡蛋、豆类和富含维生素 A 的水果和蔬菜的摄入量最少。结论：总体而言，大多数南非人的饮食种类较少。部落地区和非正规城市地区受影响最严重，鸡蛋、豆类和富含维生素 A 的水果和蔬菜的消费最少。
Background: The objective of the current study was to measure dietary diversity in South Africans aged 16 years and older from all population groups as a proxy of food security.Methods: A cross-sectional study representative of adults from all specified ages, provinces, geographic localities, and socio-economic strata in South Africa was used (n = 3287). Trained interviewers visited participants at their homes during the survey. Dietary data was collected by means of a face validated 24 hour recall which was not quantified. A dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated by counting each of 9 food groups. A DDS < 4 was regarded as reflecting poor dietary diversity and poor food security.Results: The provinces with the highest prevalence of poor dietary diversity (DDS < 4) were Limpopo (61.8%) and the Eastern Cape (59.6%). By contrast, only 15.7% of participants in Western Cape had a low score. Participants in tribal areas (63.9%) and informal urban areas (55.7%) were by far the worst affected. There were significant differences in DDS by Living Standards Mean (LSM) analysis (p < 0.05) with the lowest LSM group having the lowest mean DDS (2.93). The most commonly consumed food groups were cereals/roots; meat/fish; dairy and vegetables other than vitamin A rich. Eggs, legumes, and vitamin A rich fruit and vegetables were the least consumed.Conclusion: Overall the majority of South Africans consumed a diet low in dietary variety. The tribal areas and informal urban areas were worst affected and eggs, legumes and vitamin A rich fruit and vegetables, were the least consumed.