The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Immunopathology of Atherosclerosis: focus on immune cells
The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Immunopathology of Atherosclerosis: focus on immune cells
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肠道菌群在动脉粥样硬化免疫病理学中的作用：关注免疫细胞
DOI：
10.1111/sji.13174
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Xia Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Chong;Deng Hualing;Liu Fang;Yin Qing;Xia Lin
肠道微生物群（GM）在多器官功能、稳态和多种疾病中起着重要作用。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，GM的组成和功能改变在动脉粥样硬化中泡沫细胞的积累和动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成中起着至关重要的作用。特别是，细菌成分和代谢产物对先天性和适应性免疫细胞的影响已被探索为潜在机制。了解GM及其代谢产物的免疫调节作用对动脉粥样硬化的临床治疗具有重要意义。在此，我们总结了GM（如细菌成分脂多糖和肽聚糖）和GM衍生的代谢产物（如短链脂肪酸，三甲胺N-氧化物和胆汁酸）在动脉粥样硬化免疫病理学中的潜在作用。在此基础上，我们进一步讨论了转基因导向的膳食生物活性因子如膳食纤维、膳食多酚和益生菌的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。由于抗炎治疗中药物诱导的不良事件，个性化饮食干预将是动脉粥样硬化的潜在治疗方法，转基因衍生产品与免疫细胞之间的相互作用应进一步研究。
Gut microbiota (GM) plays important roles in multiple organ function, homeostasis and several diseases. More recently, increasing evidences have suggested that the compositional and functional alterations of GM play a crucial role in the accumulation of foam cells and the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in atherosclerosis. In particular, the effects of bacterial components and metabolites on innate and adaptive immune cells have been explored as the underlying mechanisms. Understanding the effects of GM and metabolites on immunoregulation is important for clinical therapy for atherosclerosis. Herein, we summarize the potential role of the GM (such as bacterial components lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan) and GM‐derived metabolites (such as short‐chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N‐oxide and bile acids) in the immunopathology of atherosclerosis. Based on that, we further discuss the anti‐atherosclerotic effects of GM‐directed dietary bioactive factors such as dietary fibres, dietary polyphenols and probiotics. Because of drug‐induced adverse events in anti‐inflammatory therapies, personalized dietary interventions would be potential therapies for atherosclerosis, and the interactions between GM‐derived products and immune cells should be studied further.