Geological Evidence for the Operation of Plate Tectonics throughout the Archean: Records from Archean Paleo-Plate Boundaries
Geological Evidence for the Operation of Plate Tectonics throughout the Archean: Records from Archean Paleo-Plate Boundaries
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整个太古代板块构造运行的地质证据：太古代古板块边界的记录
DOI：
10.1007/s12583-018-0999-6
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Polat Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kusky Timothy M.;Windley Brian F.;Polat Ali
板块构造学描述了刚性岩石圈板块远离大洋中脊并平行于变换，朝向深海海沟的水平运动，在深海海沟中，海洋岩石圈俯冲到地幔中。这个过程是现代地球热量损失的表面表现。当今地球科学中最大的问题之一是“板块构造何时在地球上开始”，其广泛的理论基于地质学、地球化学、数值模拟或纯粹推测的同样多样化的约束。在这篇文章中，我们翻转硬币并询问“地质记录中最后一次出现有证据表明板块构造并未像今天那样在地球上运行是什么时候”。我们将均变论定律应用于岩石记录，以询问地质记录与当前运行的板块运动运动学相一致的时间有多早，在此之前，行星热损失的其他一些机制可能已经在运行。一些人认为有证据表明在 800 Ma 之前不存在板块构造，另一些人则认为在 1.8-2.7 Ga 或 2.7 Ga 之前就存在板块构造。还有一些人认为早在 3.0 Ga、3.3-3.5 Ga（最古老岩石的年龄）或在 4.3 Ga 之前的冥古宙就有板块构造的证据。一个未讨论的关键问题是：为什么对于板块形成的年龄有如此多样的观点板块构造可以被证明没有发生过，不同的研究小组使用什么标准来定义板块构造，并识别非常古老的岩石中板块构造的证据？在这里，我们提出并评估了来自岩石记录的数据，并受到相关地球化学同位素数据的约束，并得出结论，证据无疑表明板块构造至少自最古老的岩石形成以来就一直在运行，尽管在早期较高的热量产生和地幔温度、较弱的海洋岩石圈、由更多板片熔融产生导致的较热的俯冲带以及不同的生物和大气条件下，在过程、成分和产物方面存在一些差异。
Plate tectonics describes the horizontal motion of rigid lithospheric plates away from midoceanic ridges and parallel to transforms, towards deep-sea trenches, where the oceanic lithosphere is subducted into the mantle. This process is the surface expression of modern-day heat loss from Earth. One of the biggest questions in Geosciences today is “when did plate tectonics begin on Earth” with a wide range of theories based on an equally diverse set of constraints from geology, geochemistry, numerical modeling, or pure speculation. In this contribution, we turn the coin over and ask “when was the last appearance in the geological record for which there is proof that plate tectonics did not operate on the planet as it does today”. We apply the laws of uniformitarianism to the rock record to ask how far back in time is the geologic record consistent with presently-operating kinematics of plate motion, before which some other mechanisms of planetary heat loss may have been in operation. Some have suggested that evidence shows that there was no plate tectonics before 800 Ma ago, others sometime before 1.8–2.7 Ga, or before 2.7 Ga. Still others recognize evidence for plate tectonics as early as 3.0 Ga, 3.3–3.5 Ga, the age of the oldest rocks, or in the Hadean before 4.3 Ga. A key undiscussed question is: why is there such a diversity of opinion about the age at which plate tectonics can be shown to not have operated, and what criteria are the different research groups using to define plate tectonics, and to recognize evidence of plate tectonics in very old rocks? Here, we present and evaluate data from the rock record, constrained by relevant geochemical-isotopic data, and conclude that the evidence shows indubitably that plate tectonics has been operating at least since the formation of the oldest rocks, albeit with some differences in processes, compositions, and products in earlier times of higher heat generation and mantle temperature, weaker oceanic lithosphere, hotter subduction zones caused by more slab-melt generation, and under different biological and atmospheric conditions.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
B. Krapež;M. Barley
通讯作者：
B. Krapež;M. Barley
DOI：
10.1144/sp449.2
发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
Special Publications
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Szilas;J. Tusch;J. Hoffmann;A. Garde;C. Münker
通讯作者：
K. Szilas;J. Tusch;J. Hoffmann;A. Garde;C. Münker
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_676-4
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
Encyclopedia of Astrobiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nicholas Arndt
通讯作者：
Nicholas Arndt
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
R. Hildebrand
通讯作者：
R. Hildebrand
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Daniel C. Pope;S. Willett
通讯作者：
Daniel C. Pope;S. Willett