Negative view of the self and symptoms of depression in adolescents
Negative view of the self and symptoms of depression in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.012
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Reynolds, Shirley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hards, Emily;Ellis, Judi;Reynolds, Shirley
背景：尽管消极的自我评价是青少年抑郁的一种常见症状，但对自我与抑郁的关系却知之甚少。贝克(1967)提出，对自我的负面看法是抑郁症的“标志”。相反，Linville(1985；1987)提出，拥有多方面的自我与较低的抑郁水平相关。方法：对822名13-18岁青少年进行抑郁症状报告(情绪和感觉问卷)，并完成自我概念测量表--二十项陈述测验(TST)。我们对TST的反应进行了编码，以反映他们自我概念的效价(从积极到消极)和复杂性(自我方面的数量)。结果：自我概念的效价与抑郁症状的严重程度显著相关，而与复杂性无关。年轻人的自我概念可以解释25%的抑郁症状。限制：本研究的横断面设计排除了抑郁与消极自我评价之间的因果关系的任何结论；需要进行实验和纵向研究来评估这种关系的因果关系。本研究的结果支持了抑郁症的认知模型。消极的自我评价可能构成青少年抑郁的危险因素，并可能为青少年的预防和早期干预提供潜在的目标。
Background: Although negative self-evaluation is a common symptom of depression in adolescents, there is little understanding of how the self is associated with depression. Beck (1967) proposed that a negative view of the self was a 'hallmark' of depression. In contrast Linville (1985; 1987) proposed that holding multiple aspects of the self was associated with lower levels of depression. The aim of this paper is to evaluate these two models of self and depression in adolescents.Methods: Young people aged 13-18 years (n = 822) reported symptoms of depression (the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) and completed a measure of self-concept, the Twenty Statements Test (TST). We coded responses to the TST to reflect the valance (positive to negative) and the complexity of their self-concept (number of self-aspects).Results: Valence, but not complexity, of self-concept was significantly associated with severity of depression symptoms. The valance of young people's self-concept accounted for 25% of the variance in depression symptoms. Adolescent's with more positive self-concept tended to have fewer symptoms of depression.Limitations: The cross-sectional design of this study precludes any conclusions about the causal relationship between depression and negative self-evaluation; experimental and longitudinal research is needed to assess the causal direction of the relationship.Conclusions. The results of this study supported the cognitive model of depression. Negative self-evaluation may constitute a risk factor for depression in adolescents and could offer a potential target for prevention and early intervention in adolescents.