Biogeographic deconstruction of alpine plant communities along altitudinal and topographic gradients
Biogeographic deconstruction of alpine plant communities along altitudinal and topographic gradients
复制标题
高山植物群落沿海拔和地形梯度的生物地理解构
DOI：
10.1111/jvs.12060
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
J. Obeso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Jiménez‐Alfaro;C. Marcenó;Á. Bueno;R. Gavilán;J. Obeso
问题
来自不同生物地理类群（地中海、高山和特有）的物种是否会根据高山植物群落中的海拔和地形以不同的方式进行过滤？这些环境因素在预测整个群落和地理物种组的物种多样性方面的相对表现如何？
地点
欧洲之峰，坎塔布连山脉（西班牙）。
方法
我们在海拔 1900 米至 2500 米之间的高山草原上，对半径 5 米的地块中维管束植物的存在和覆盖情况进行了采样。五个基于 GIS 的 15 m × 15 m 地形变量用于使用广义和线性模型来模拟每个地块的物种丰富度和覆盖度，并通过冗余分析来模拟物种组成的变化。对整个数据集以及高山、地中海和特有分布的物种子集重复了相同的分析。
结果
对于整个数据集和地理物种组来说，海拔和地形对物种丰富度、覆盖度和组成的影响是不同的。海拔高度是影响整个群落植物多样性的主要变量，但各个物种组更受坡度、地形湿度指数和太阳辐射的影响。地中海物种的丰富度和覆盖度与地形的关系最为密切。高山和特有物种的物种覆盖度和组成与地形有关，但与物种丰富度无关。
结论
在高山景观中，与单独分析整个群落相比，对物种库进行生物地理学解构可以更好地了解海拔和地形对当地群落的影响。此外，当地地形对物种群体的强烈影响提高了我们对高山物种如何应对气候变化的理解。
Questions
Are species from different biogeographic groups (mediterranean, alpine and endemic) filtered in different ways by altitude and topography in alpine plant communities? What is the relative performance of these environmental factors at predicting the species diversity of the communities as a whole and of the geographic species groups?
Location
Picos de Europa, Cantabrian Range (Spain).
Methods
We sampled the presence and cover of vascular plants in 5-m radius plots on alpine grasslands between 1900 and 2500 m a.s.l. Five GIS-based terrain variables at 15 m × 15 m were used to model species richness and cover per plot using generalized and linear models, and the variation in species composition with redundancy analysis. The same analyses were repeated for the whole data set and for subsets of species from alpine, mediterranean and endemic distributions.
Results
The influence of altitude and topography on species richness, cover and composition differed for the whole data set and for the geographic species groups. Altitude was the main variable affecting floristic diversity in the communities as a whole, but the separate species groups were more influenced by slope, topographic wetness index and solar radiation. Richness and cover of mediterranean species showed the strongest relationships with topography. Alpine and endemic species showed relationships with topography for species cover and composition, but not for species richness.
Conclusions
In alpine landscapes, biogeographic deconstruction of the species pool can provide a better understanding of the influence of altitude and topography on local communities than analysis of the entire community alone. Furthermore, the strong influence of local topography on species groups improves our understanding of how alpine species will respond to climate change.