Will South Asia Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030? Learning from the MDGs Experience
Will South Asia Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030? Learning from the MDGs Experience
复制标题
南亚能否在2030年实现可持续发展目标？
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.3437775
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
K. Sen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Asadullah;A. Savoia;K. Sen
本文件通过评估千年发展目标在南亚的成就以及由此产生的政策和体制挑战，为关于可持续发展目标进展的辩论做出贡献。使用跨国回归和贫困，健康，教育和性别平等结果的综合指标，我们提供了三组调查结果。首先，比较证据表明，虽然南亚已与较富裕地区趋同，但各国在性别平等、普及初等教育和收入减贫方面的成就仍有很大差异。其次，根据过去的趋势对2030年可持续发展目标的预测显示，还有很长的路要走，人口众多的南亚国家可能无法实现消除收入贫困等标志性目标。最后，考虑到可持续发展目标中扩大的发展目标和南亚的增长放缓，我们认为，进一步的进展将同时需要增加卫生和教育方面的公共支出以及提高国家能力的改革。模拟演习证实，这种干预措施的组合将在该地区带来巨大的好处，特别是在那些对实现“无文盲”、“优质教育”、“性别平等”和“包容性增长”目标至关重要的领域。
This paper contributes to the debate on the Sustainable Development Goals progress by evaluating the MDGs achievements in South Asia and the policy and institutional challenges deriving from such experience. Using cross-country regressions and aggregate indicators of poverty, health, education and gender parity outcomes, we offer three sets of findings. First, comparative evidence shows that, while South Asia has converged with richer regions, there is still significant variation in gender equality, universal primary education, and income poverty achievements across countries. Second, projections based on past trends on where SDGs are expected to be by 2030 reveal that there is a long way to go, where emblematic targets as income poverty eradication may not be met in the populous South Asian countries. Finally, considering the expanded set of development targets in the SDGs and the growth slowdown in South Asia, we argue that further progress would simultaneously require increased public spending on health and education and reforms improving state capacity. A simulation exercise confirms that such a combination of interventions would deliver significant benefits in the region, particularly in areas that are critical to progress on the goals of ‘No Poverty’, ‘Quality Education’, ‘Gender Equality’, and ‘Inclusive Growth’.