Exclusive Breastfeeding Experiences among Mexican American Women.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Experiences among Mexican American Women.
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DOI：
10.1177/0890334415599400
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hoffman K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wambach K;Domian EW;Page-Goertz S;Wurtz H;Hoffman K
根据疾病控制和预防中心的数据，西班牙裔母乳喂养的母亲开始早期配方奶粉补充的比例高于其他族裔，这可能导致母乳喂养时间缩短，纯母乳喂养减少。文化适应，采用另一种文化的信仰和行为的过程，似乎影响了美国西班牙裔妇女的母乳喂养实践。很少有人知道墨西哥裔美国母亲的配方奶粉的使用和纯母乳喂养的背景下的文化适应。我们的研究确定了生活在中西部城市的墨西哥裔美国妇女对纯母乳喂养的好处和障碍以及文化适应水平。我们采用了定性描述性设计，结合彭德的健康促进模型的概念。个人访谈以英语或西班牙语进行（N = 21）。修订后的墨西哥裔美国人文化适应评定量表被用来检查文化适应水平。文化适应分数表明，大多数（66%）的样本是“非常墨西哥导向。”大多数妇女完全母乳喂养，少数妇女因“产奶不足”而使用早期补充剂。出现了三个主题：（1）妇女给予生命，同时也为婴儿提供最好的食物，这是很自然的;（2）母乳喂养最终是妇女的决定，但受到传统、指导和鼓励的影响;（3）母乳是上级的，但生活环境会挑战一个人母乳喂养的能力。强大的家庭/文化传统支持母乳喂养并使其正常化。在美国，纯母乳喂养的障碍与一般母乳喂养妇女相似。研究结果支持文化能力和个性化的哺乳护理的需要。
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hispanic breastfeeding mothers begin early formula supplementation at higher rates than other ethnic groups, which can lead to shorter breastfeeding duration and decreased exclusive breastfeeding. Acculturation, the process of adopting beliefs and behaviors of another culture, appears to influence breastfeeding practices of Hispanic women in the United States. Little is known about Mexican American mothers’ formula use and exclusive breastfeeding within the context of acculturation. Our study identified perceived benefits and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding and levels of acculturation among Mexican American women living in a Midwestern city. We used a qualitative descriptive design integrating Pender’s Health Promotion Model concepts. Individual interviews were conducted in English or Spanish (N = 21). The revised Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans was used to examine acculturation levels. Acculturation scores indicated that the majority (66%) of the sample was “very Mexican oriented.” Most women exclusively breastfed, with a few using early supplementation for “insufficient milk production.” Three themes emerged: (1) It is natural that a woman give life and also provide the best food for her baby; (2) Breastfeeding is ultimately a woman’s decision but is influenced by tradition, guidance, and encouragement; and (3) Breast milk is superior but life circumstances can challenge one’s ability to breastfeed. Strong familial/cultural traditions supported and normalized breastfeeding. Barriers to exclusive breastfeeding were similar to breastfeeding women in general, in the United States. Findings support the need for culturally competent and individualized lactation care.