Place of work and residential exposure to ambient air pollution and birth outcomes in Scotland, using geographically fine pollution climate mapping estimates.
Place of work and residential exposure to ambient air pollution and birth outcomes in Scotland, using geographically fine pollution climate mapping estimates.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2015.05.010
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Clemens T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dibben C;Clemens T
在大量主要使用最近监测方法的研究中发现了环境空气污染与不良出生结果之间的关系。最近的研究表明，在这些研究中，效应量可能被低估了。本文研究了出生结果与住宅和工作场所二氧化硫，颗粒物和二氧化氮的环境水平之间的关系，使用另一种方法-污染气候图估计。低出生体重和平均出生体重的风险（n = 21，843足月出生）和早产的风险（n = 23，086出生），对小面积的年度平均环境空气污染浓度进行建模，在工作和居住地点调整为单胎活产的潜在混杂因素（1994 - 2008年）在苏格兰。NO2和PM10浓度增加1 µ g/m3时，低出生体重的比值比分别为1.02（95%CI，1.01 - 1.03）和1.07（95%CI，1.01 - 1.12）。发现PM10（相对风险比= 1.08; 95% CI，1.00 - 1.17/1 µ g/m3）和NO2（相对风险比= 1.01; 95% CI，1.00 - 1.03/1 µ g/m3）的极早产风险升高但不显著。平均出生体重与平均年NO2（− 1.24 g; 95%CI，− 2.02至− 0.46/1 µ g/m3）和PM10（− 5.67 g; 95%CI，− 9.47至− 1.87/1 µ g/m3）之间呈负相关。SO2没有显示出显著的相关性。这项研究强调了空气污染暴露与出生时新生儿尺寸缩小之间的关系。连同其他最近的工作，它还表明，接触估计的基础上最近的监测方法可能会导致低估污染物对出生结果的影响大小。空气污染与不良妊娠结局有关。NO2，PM10，但不是SO2（现在在苏格兰很低）显示出显着的关联。影响的程度似乎因不同的接触方法而异。"最近监测"测量方法可能导致效应低估。
A relationship between ambient air pollution and adverse birth outcomes has been found in a large number of studies that have mainly used a nearest monitor methodology. Recent research has suggested that the effect size may have been underestimated in these studies. This paper examines associations between birth outcomes and ambient levels of residential and workplace sulphur dioxide, particulates and Nitrogen Dioxide estimated using an alternative method – pollution climate mapping. Risk of low birthweight and mean birthweight (for n=21,843 term births) and risk of preterm birth (for n=23,086 births) were modelled against small area annual mean ambient air pollution concentrations at work and residence location adjusting for potential confounding factors for singleton live births (1994–2008) across Scotland. Odds ratios of low birthweight of 1.02 (95% CI, 1.01–1.03) and 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01–1.12) with concentration increases of 1 µg/m3 for NO2 and PM10 respectively. Raised but insignificant risks of very preterm birth were found with PM10 (relative risk ratio=1.08; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.17 per 1 µg/m3) and NO2 (relative risk ratio=1.01; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.03 per 1 µg/m3). An inverse association between mean birthweight and mean annual NO2(−1.24 g; 95% CI, −2.02 to −0.46 per 1 µg/m3) and PM10 (−5.67 g; 95% CI, −9.47 to −1.87 per 1 µg/m3). SO2 showed no significant associations. This study highlights the association between air pollution exposure and reduced newborn size at birth. Together with other recent work it also suggests that exposure estimation based on the nearest monitor method may have led to an under-estimation of the effect size of pollutants on birth outcomes. Air pollution is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. NO2 , PM10 but not SO2 (now low in Scotland) showed significant associations. The magnitude of the effect appears to vary with different exposure methodologies. ‘Nearest monitor’ measurement method may have led to effect underestimation.