Slowing down light in a qubit metamaterial
Slowing down light in a qubit metamaterial
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0122003
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
J. Brehm;R. Gebauer;A. Stehli;A. Poddubny;O. Sander;H. Rotzinger;A. Ustinov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Brehm;R. Gebauer;A. Stehli;A. Poddubny;O. Sander;H. Rotzinger;A. Ustinov
量子信息处理的快速发展导致对控制电磁波脉冲传播并最终实现通用和高效量子存储器的设备的需求不断增加。虽然近年来，在实现慢光和光频原子量子存储器方面取得了重大进展，但微波领域的超导电路仍然缺乏此类器件。在这里，我们演示了在超导超材料中减慢电磁波，该超材料由八个量子比特耦合到一个公共波导组成，形成波导量子电动力学系统。我们分析了两种互补的方法，一种依赖于奥特勒-汤斯分裂的修饰态，另一种基于使用量子比特可调谐性的定制色散曲线。我们的时间分辨实验表明，降低群速度下降到约1500小于真空中的一个因素。根据所使用的方法，光速可以通过额外的微波音调或有效的量子比特失谐来控制。我们的研究结果表明，超导电路实现自定义能带结构的高度灵活性，并打开了量子领域微波色散工程的大门。
The rapid progress in quantum information processing leads to a rising demand for devices to control the propagation of electromagnetic wave pulses and to ultimately realize universal and efficient quantum memory. While in recent years, significant progress has been made to realize slow light and quantum memories with atoms at optical frequencies, superconducting circuits in the microwave domain still lack such devices. Here, we demonstrate slowing down electromagnetic waves in a superconducting metamaterial composed of eight qubits coupled to a common waveguide, forming a waveguide quantum electrodynamics system. We analyze two complementary approaches, one relying on dressed states of the Autler–Townes splitting and the other based on a tailored dispersion profile using the qubits tunability. Our time-resolved experiments show reduced group velocities of down to a factor of about 1500 smaller than in vacuum. Depending on the method used, the speed of light can be controlled with an additional microwave tone or an effective qubit detuning. Our findings demonstrate high flexibility of superconducting circuits to realize custom band structures and open the door to microwave dispersion engineering in the quantum regime.