Postglacial change of the floristic diversity gradient in Europe
Postglacial change of the floristic diversity gradient in Europe
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-13233-y
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发表时间：
2019-11-28
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Brewer, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Giesecke, Thomas;Wolters, Steffen;Brewer, Simon
气候变暖将导致物种向极地扩散，导致中高纬地区丰富度增加，纬度多样性梯度减弱。我们使用花粉数据来测试这种纬度多样性梯度的变化是否发生在末次冰期结束后欧洲植物物种的最后一次主要极地转移期间。与预期相反，坡度的坡度在全新世期间增强。大约10万年前，由于森林逐渐关闭，气温升高减少了中高纬度地区的多样性。在过去的5年中，森林砍伐和农业的引入对中欧丰富程度的影响比早期的气候变暖更大。这些结果并不支持目前关于全球变暖将导致生物多样性丧失的观点，并表明人类对纬度多样性梯度的非气候影响比气候变化更大。
Climate warming is expected to cause a poleward spread of species, resulting in increased richness at mid to high latitudes and weakening the latitudinal diversity gradient. We used pollen data to test if such a change in the latitudinal diversity gradient occurred during the last major poleward shift of plant species in Europe following the end of the last glacial period. In contrast to expectations, the slope of the gradient strengthened during the Holocene. The increase in temperatures around 10 ka ago reduced diversity at mid to high latitude sites due to the gradual closure of forests. Deforestation and the introduction of agriculture during the last 5 ky had a greater impact on richness in central Europe than the earlier climate warming. These results do not support the current view that global warming alone will lead to a loss in biodiversity, and demonstrate that non-climatic human impacts on the latitudinal diversity gradient is of a greater magnitude than climate change.