Improving models of urban greenspace: from vegetation surface cover to volumetric survey, using waveform laser scanning
Improving models of urban greenspace: from vegetation surface cover to volumetric survey, using waveform laser scanning
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DOI：
10.1111/2041-210x.12794
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Gaston, Kevin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casalegno, Stefano;Anderson, Karen;Gaston, Kevin J.
城市绿地对人类健康和生活质量具有重大影响，因此，建造、管理和维护这种绿色基础设施的方式至关重要。一系列研究表明了植被的面积覆盖和分布与提供多种城市生态系统服务之间的关系。目前还不知道如何敏感的调查结果是基础数据的空间分辨率相对于城市土地覆盖异质性的粒度。此外，很少有人知道的三维（3D）结构的城市植被和服务的交付，并解决这些问题是有限的数据描述冠层结构从树顶到地面的可用性。波形机载激光扫描（激光雷达）提供了一种新的方式来捕获3D数据描述植被结构。我们从波形激光雷达（1.5米分辨率）生成体素（体积像素），区分植被层使用高度作为一个决定因素，并计算统计表面积，体积和体积密度每层。然后，我们使用了一系列广泛使用的遥感产品，不同的空间分辨率（1至100米）映射相同的绿地，并比较结果从波形激光雷达survey.We侧重于从三个城市地区的数据在英国不同的植被覆盖模式。我们发现，与城市规划图相比，绿色地表覆盖分别有-3%、+7.5%和+26.1%的差异（
Urban greenspace has a major impact on human health and quality of life, and thus the way in which such green infrastructure is constructed, managed and maintained is of critical importance. A range of studies have demonstrated the relationship between the areal coverage and distribution of vegetation and the provision of multiple urban ecosystem services. It is not known how sensitive findings are to the spatial resolution of the underlying data relative to the grain size of urban land cover heterogeneity. Moreover, little is known about the three-dimensional (3D) structure of urban vegetation and delivery of services, and addressing such questions is limited by the availability of data describing canopy structure from the tree tops to the ground.Waveform airborne laser scanning (lidar) offers a new way of capturing 3D data describing vegetation structure. We generated voxels (volumetric pixels) from waveform lidar (1.5m resolution), differentiated vegetation layers using height as a determinant, and computed statistics on surface cover, volume and volume density per stratum. We then used a range of widely available remote sensing products with varying spatial resolution (1 to 100m) to map the same greenspace, and compared results to those from the waveform lidar survey.We focused on data from three urban zones in the UK with distinct patterns of vegetation cover. We found -3%, +7.5% and +26.1% differences in green surface cover compared with, respectively, town planning maps (