SHOOT PHOTOTROPISM IN HIGHER PLANTS: NEW LIGHT THROUGH OLD CONCEPTS
SHOOT PHOTOTROPISM IN HIGHER PLANTS: NEW LIGHT THROUGH OLD CONCEPTS
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.1200340
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Murphy, Angus S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christie, John M.;Murphy, Angus S.
光是驱动植物生长和发育的许多方面的关键环境因素。向光性，即生长朝向或远离光的重新定向，代表了这些重要的适应过程之一。向光性的现代研究始于查尔斯达尔文的实验，证明了草胚芽鞘茎尖的光感诱导下表皮细胞的差异伸长。这导致了植物生长激素生长素的发现和Cholodny-Went假说，该假说将差异向性弯曲归因于侧向生长素重新定位。在过去的二十年中，在模式开花植物拟南芥的分子遗传学分析已经确定了向光性的主要光感受器及其激活机制。此外，已经鉴定了几个生长素转运蛋白家族。然而，尽管进行了大量的努力，它仍然不清楚感光细胞激活如何调节生长素的横向运输，建立向光性生长。本文综述了近世纪来高等植物向光性研究的主要进展，以及这些进展如何影响我们对高等植物向光性的认识。向光性研究的最新进展，以及这项研究对旧概念（包括Cholodny-Went假说）的新认识。
Light is a key environmental factor that drives many aspects of plant growth and development. Phototropism, the reorientation of growth toward or away from light, represents one of these important adaptive processes. Modern studies of phototropism began with experiments conducted by Charles Darwin demonstrating that light perception at the shoot apex of grass coleoptiles induces differential elongation in the lower epidermal cells. This led to the discovery of the plant growth hormone auxin and the Cholodny-Went hypothesis attributing differential tropic bending to lateral auxin relocalization. In the past two decades, molecular-genetic analyses in the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana has identified the principal photoreceptors for phototropism and their mechanism of activation. In addition, several protein families of auxin transporters have been identified. Despite extensive efforts, however, it still remains unclear as to how photoreceptor activation regulates lateral auxin transport to establish phototropic growth. This review aims to summarize major developments from over the last century and how these advances shape our current understanding of higher plant phototropism. Recent progress in phototropism research and the way in which this research is shedding new light on old concepts, including the Cholodny-Went hypothesis, is also highlighted.