Influence of Vehicle Speed on the Characteristics of Driver's Eye Movement at a Highway Tunnel Entrance during Day and Night Conditions: A Pilot Study
Influence of Vehicle Speed on the Characteristics of Driver's Eye Movement at a Highway Tunnel Entrance during Day and Night Conditions: A Pilot Study
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白天和夜间条件下车速对高速公路隧道入口处驾驶员眼动特征的影响：试点研究
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph15040656
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Leon, Arturo S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qin, Li;Dong, Li-Li;Leon, Arturo S.
本研究旨在探讨公路隧道入口处行车速度对驾驶员昼夜眼动特征的影响。在这项研究中，6名驾驶员的眼动数据（从隧道入口前200米到隧道入口内200米）在五个预定的车辆速度（40，50，60，70和80公里/小时）在白天和三个预定的车辆速度（40，60和80公里/小时）在夜间使用非侵入式Dikablis专业眼动跟踪系统记录。分析了瞳孔大小、平均注视持续时间和平均注视次数，然后通过IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0评估了车辆速度对这些参数的影响。结果表明，在白天，瞳孔的大小随着接近隧道口而增大，而在夜间，瞳孔的大小随着接近隧道口而减小，进入隧道后又增大。白天瞳孔大小与车速呈显著负相关，夜间瞳孔大小与车速无显著相关性。进入隧道后，白天的平均注视时间增加，且与车速呈显著负相关。此外，白天的平均注视次数在进入隧道时减少，并与车速呈显著负相关。然而，夜间的平均注视持续时间和平均注视次数与车辆速度没有显着相关性。最后，本文对本研究的局限性和未来的研究方向进行了讨论。
The aim of this study was to investigate how vehicle speed influences the characteristics of driver's eye movement at highway tunnel entrances during day and night. In this study, six drivers' eye movement data (from 200 m before tunnel entrance to 200 m inside tunnel entrance) under five predetermined vehicle speeds (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 km/h) in the daytime and three predetermined vehicle speeds (40, 60 and 80 km/h) in the nighttime were recorded using the non-intrusive Dikablis Professional eye-tracking system. Pupil size, the average fixation duration time and the average number of fixation were analyzed and then the influence of the vehicle speed on these parameters was evaluated by means of IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. The results for pupil size in daytime increased when approaching the tunnel entrance, while as for nighttime, pupil size decreased when approaching the tunnel entrance and then increased after entering the tunnel. The pupil size in daytime has a significant negative correlation with vehicle speed, while the pupil size in nighttime did not show a significant association with vehicle speed. Furthermore, the average fixation duration in daytime increased when entering the tunnel, and had a significant negative correlation with vehicle speed. Also, the average number of fixations in daytime decreased when entering the tunnel and has a significant negative correlation with vehicle speed. However, the average fixation duration and the average number of fixations in nighttime did not show any significant association with vehicle speed. Moreover, limitations and future directions of the study are discussed for the further investigation.