The validity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse: Drunk drivers versus all others
The validity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse: Drunk drivers versus all others
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1999.60.746
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Grant, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hasin, D;Paykin, A;Grant, B
目的：先前对社区样本的研究表明，几乎一半被诊断为DSM-IV酒精滥用的人只基于一种症状，即过度饮酒后开车。虽然这肯定是不明智的行为，但它可能不是精神障碍。因此，我们通过测试一组外部验证标准变量与三组之间的关联来研究这一亚组虐待案例的不同效度：仅因酒后驾车而符合虐待标准的人，通过其他方式符合标准的人，以及没有酒精诊断的人。还对过去虐待案件的现状进行了调查。方法：受试者为22,204名美国家庭居民(全国概率抽样的子集)，于1992年接受酒精使用障碍和相关残疾访谈计划的采访。广义正当性模型是主要的分析手段。结果：仅因酒后驾车而符合DSM-IV酒精滥用标准的受试者，在其余约一半的变量上与没有诊断的受试者不同，而在其他方面符合酗酒标准的受试者，与所有测试变量都没有诊断的受试者不同。这两个虐待群体在一些但不是所有变量上存在差异。过去的酒后驾车虐待案件和过去的其他虐待案件在过去12个月中同样有可能得到缓解，达到目前依赖的标准的可能性略低。结论：需要进一步的概念性和经验性工作来解决DSM-IV酒精滥用类别的困难。
Objective: Prior research in a community sample indicated that almost half the individuals receiving a diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol abuse did so on the basis of only one symptom, driving after drinking too much. While this is certainly unwise behavior, it may not be a psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we investigated the differential validity of this subgroup of abuse cases by testing the association of a set of external validating criterion variables with three groups: those who met criteria for abuse just for drinking-driving, those who met criteria by other means and those with no alcohol diagnosis. Present status of past cases of abuse was also investigated. Method: Subjects were 22,204 U.S. household residents (a subset of a national probability sample) interviewed in 1992 with the Alcohol Use Disorders and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule. The generalized legit model was the principal means of analysis. Results: Subjects who met criteria for DSM-IV alcohol abuse just for drinking-driving differed from subjects with no diagnosis on about half the variables rested, while those who met criteria for abuse in other ways differed from subjects with no diagnosis on all variables tested. The two abuse groups differed from each other on some but not all variables. Past cases of abuse for drinking-driving and past cases of other abuse were equally likely to have remitted in the last 12 months, and slightly less likely to meet criteria for current dependence. Conclusions: Further conceptual and empirical work is needed to resolve the difficulties with the DSM-IV alcohol abuse category.