Analysis of sensitive information leakage in functional genomics signal profiles through genomic deletions.

Analysis of sensitive information leakage in functional genomics signal profiles through genomic deletions.
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通过基因组缺失对功能基因组信号谱图中敏感信息泄漏的分析。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04875-5
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发表时间:
2018-06-22
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Gerstein M
Gerstein M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harmanci A;Gerstein M

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功能基因组学实验,如RNA-seq,提供了关于不同条件下基因表达的非个体特异性信息,如疾病和正常。我们非常希望分享这些数据。然而,隐私问题通常排除原始读取的共享。为了实现安全共享,使用聚合摘要,例如读取深度信号谱和基因表达水平。像GTEx和ENCODE这样的项目共享这些,因为它们表面上不会泄露太多的识别信息。在这里,我们试图量化这一说法的有效性,测量从信号分布的基因组缺失的泄漏。我们提出了信息理论的措施,在何种程度上可以基因型这些缺失。然后,我们开发了实用的基因分型方法,并演示了如何使用这些方法来识别一个人在一个大的队列中的背景下连接攻击。最后,我们提出了一种匿名化方法,从信号轮廓中去除大部分泄漏。来自许多研究的功能基因组学数据因其在生物医学和疾病研究中的价值而被广泛公开共享。在这里,作者通过分析功能基因组学信号谱来证明敏感信息泄漏是可能的,并开发了一种用于隐私保护的匿名化程序。
Functional genomics experiments, such as RNA-seq, provide non-individual specific information about gene expression under different conditions such as disease and normal. There is great desire to share these data. However, privacy concerns often preclude sharing of the raw reads. To enable safe sharing, aggregated summaries such as read-depth signal profiles and levels of gene expression are used. Projects such as GTEx and ENCODE share these because they ostensibly do not leak much identifying information. Here, we attempt to quantify the validity of this statement, measuring the leakage of genomic deletions from signal profiles. We present information theoretic measures for the degree to which one can genotype these deletions. We then develop practical genotyping approaches and demonstrate how to use these to identify an individual within a large cohort in the context of linking attacks. Finally, we present an anonymization method removing much of the leakage from signal profiles. Functional genomics data from many studies are widely shared publicly for their value in biomedical and disease research. Here, the authors show sensitive information leakage is possible by analyzing functional genomics signal profiles, and develop an anonymization procedure for privacy protection.
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