The arcuate fasciculus and the disconnection theme in language and aphasia: History and current state
The arcuate fasciculus and the disconnection theme in language and aphasia: History and current state
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2008.04.002
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Mesulam, Marsel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catani, Marco;Mesulam, Marsel
对于失语症的神经学模型来说，很少有比切断范式和弓状束的作用更重要的主题了。由19世纪世纪神经学的杰出人物引入，并由诺曼·格施温德的魅力作品复活，断开主题引发了现代语言和失语症理解的惊人进步。但是，分离范式有着不同的命运，从非理性繁荣到善意的忽视，它的追随者并不总是对它的功能后果和解剖学相关性持相同的观点。我们在本文中的目标是，第一，调查的连接主义的方法失语症的19世纪的根源，第二，描述新兴的成像技术的基础上扩散张量成像（DTI），承诺巩固和扩大断开的方法语言及其障碍。(C)2008 Elsevier Masson SrI. All rights reserved.
Few themes have been more central to neurological models of aphasia than the disconnection paradigm and the role of the arcuate fasciculus. Introduced by luminaries of 19th Century neurology and resurrected by the charismatic work of Norman Geschwind, the disconnection theme has triggered spectacular advances of modern understanding of language and aphasia. But the disconnection paradigm had alternate fortunes, ranging from irrational exuberance to benign neglect, and its followers have not always shared the same view on its functional consequences and anatomical correlates. Our goal in this paper is, first, to survey the 19th Century roots of the connectionist approach to aphasia and, second, to describe emerging imaging technologies based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that promise to consolidate and expand the disconnection approach to language and its disorders. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SrI. All rights reserved.