Alteration of the gut microbiota by vinegar is associated with amelioration of hyperoxaluria-induced kidney injury
Alteration of the gut microbiota by vinegar is associated with amelioration of hyperoxaluria-induced kidney injury
复制标题
醋改变肠道微生物群与改善高草酸尿症引起的肾损伤有关
DOI：
10.1039/c9fo02172h
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Zeng, Guohua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, Wei;Liu, Yang;Zeng, Guohua
众所周知，高尿酸会导致肾损伤和终末期肾病。以往的研究表明，高尿酸大鼠食用醋后，肾功能得到改善。然而，其基本机制在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究的目的是检查与肾功能变化相关的肠道微生物群以及血液和尿液代谢物的变化，以确定醋诱导改善高血压引起的肾损伤的机制。采用乙二醇（EG）诱导的高尿酸大鼠模型，评价食醋对肾损伤的影响。口服醋（2 ml/kg/d）可降低血清肌酐、BUN升高，并可预防高尿酸引起的肾损伤、肾纤维化和炎症。对高尿酸性肾损伤大鼠肠道菌群16 S rRNA基因的分析表明，醋处理改变了其微生物组成，尤其是普雷沃氏菌属、瘤胃梭菌属、Alistipes属和Paenalcaligenes属的水平恢复，这些菌在高尿酸性肾损伤大鼠中显著增加。此外，基于液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）的代谢物组学分析显示，共有35种血清和42种尿液代谢物被鉴定为与醋对高血压诱导的肾损伤大鼠的保护作用有关。这些代谢产物主要参与硫胺素代谢、甘油磷酸穿梭、生物素代谢、磷脂酰胆碱合成和膜脂代谢。重要的是，醋对肾损伤的影响在抗生素治疗耗尽肠道微生物群后减弱。这些结果表明，醋治疗通过改善肠道微生物群和代谢组学特征来改善高血压引起的肾损伤。
Hyperoxaluria is well known to cause renal injury and end-stage kidney disease. Previous studies suggested that the renal function of rats with hyperoxaluria was improved after dietary vinegar intake. However, its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine changes of gut microbiota and blood and urinary metabolites that associate with changes in kidney function to identify mechanisms involved with vinegar induced amelioration of hyperoxaluria-induced kidney injury. Using an ethylene glycol (EG)-induced hyperoxaluria rat model, we evaluated the effects of the vinegar on renal injury. Oral administration of vinegar (2 ml kg(-1) day(-1)) reduced the elevated serum creatinine, BUN, and protected against hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury, renal fibrosis, and inflammation. Gut microbiota analysis of 16S rRNA gene in the hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury rats showed that vinegar treatment altered their microbial composition, especially the recovery of the levels of the Prevotella, Ruminiclostridium, Alistipes and Paenalcaligenes genus, which were significantly increased in the hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury rats. Additionally, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolome analysis showed that total of 35 serum and 42 urine metabolites were identified to be associated with protective effects of vinegar on hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury rats. Most of these metabolites were involved in thiamine metabolism, glycerol phosphate shuttle, biotin metabolism, phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and membrane lipid metabolism. Importantly, the effects of vinegar against renal injury were weakened after depletion of gut microbiota by antibiotic treatment. These results suggest that vinegar treatment ameliorates the hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury by improving the gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles.