Air Pollution by Ozone Across Europe
Air Pollution by Ozone Across Europe
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DOI：
10.1007/698_2012_163
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Derwent;A. Hjellbrekke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Derwent;A. Hjellbrekke
在过去的三十年里，由于对汽油发动机机动车辆的挥发性有机化合物和氮氧化物排放实行了区域污染排放控制，农村地区的臭氧峰值水平一直在下降。在欧洲监测和评价方案臭氧监测网络中的许多长期运行的农村监测站都观察到了长期下降的趋势。下降的趋势似乎更明显，在这些站的初始阶段的峰值水平最高，并在这些站的初始水平最低的微不足道。这种行为被解释为是区域污染控制和半球臭氧水平增加的综合影响造成的。由于对流层臭氧前体的人为排放不断增加，北方的半球臭氧水平一直在稳步上升。欧洲主要城镇的臭氧水平正在逐步上升，接近其周围农村地区的水平，因为汽油发动机机动车辆安装的废气催化剂通过与排放的一氧化氮发生化学反应减少了臭氧的清除。
Episodic peak ozone levels in rural areas have been declining during the last three decades due to regional pollution emission controls applied to the VOC and NOxemissions from petrol-engined motor vehicles. Long-term downwards trends have been observed at many long-running rural monitoring stations in the EMEP ozone monitoring network. Downwards trends appear to be more pronounced at those stations where initial episodic peak levels were highest and insignificant at those stations where initial levels were lowest. This behaviour has been interpreted as resulting from the combined effect of regional pollution controls and increasing hemispheric ozone levels. Hemispheric ozone levels have been steadily rising in the northern hemisphere because of growing man-made emissions of tropospheric ozone precursors. Episodic ozone levels in major European towns and cities are rising towards the levels found in the rural areas surrounding them, as exhaust gas catalysts fitted to petrol-engined motor vehicles reduce the scavenging of ozone by chemical reaction with emitted nitric oxide.