Public perspectives of nuclear weapons in the post-cold war environment
Public perspectives of nuclear weapons in the post-cold war environment
复制标题
冷战后环境下公众对核武器的看法
DOI：
10.2172/10165516
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Barke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Jenkins‐Smith;K. G. Herron;R. Barke
本报告总结了在冷战后环境中公众对核武器看法的全国性调查的结果。参与者包括1,301名普通公众，1,155名随机选择的忧思科学家联盟成员，以及从四个能源部国家实验室随机选择的1,226名员工。三个样本中的大多数受访者认为，冷战后的安全环境增加了发生核战争、核扩散和核恐怖主义的可能性。研究发现，公众对核武器威胁、风险、效用和利益的认知以可预测的方式系统性地影响核武器政策偏好。公众信任与核武器政策偏好之间也存在高度显著的关系。随着公众对核武器的信任和官方政府信息的增加，对核武器管理风险的看法降低了，对核武器效用和益处的看法增加了。大多数受访者赞成减少以下方面的资金：(1)开发和测试新核武器；（二）维持现有核武器；（三）维持发展和改进核武器的能力。所有三个小组都大力支持增加以下方面的资金：(1)加强核武器安全；（二）培训核武器人员；（三）防止核扩散；(4)更多地防止核恐怖主义。大多数答复者认为核武器是冷战后安全环境的一个持久特征。«少
This report summarizes the findings of a nationwide survey of public perceptions of nuclear weapons in the post-cold war environment. Participants included 1,301 members of the general public, 1,155 randomly selected members of the Union of Concerned Scientists, and 1,226 employees randomly selected from the technical staffs of four DOE national laboratories. A majority of respondents from all three samples perceived the post-cold war security environment to pose increased likelihood of nuclear war, nuclear proliferation, and nuclear terrorism. Public perceptions of nuclear weapons threats, risks, utilities, and benefits were found to systematically affect nuclear weapons policy preferences in predictable ways. Highly significant relationships were also found between public trust and nuclear weapons policy preferences. As public trust and official government information about nuclear weapons increased, perceptions of nuclear weapons management risks decreased and perceptions of nuclear weapons utilities and benefits increased. A majority of respondents favored decreasing funding for: (1) developing and testing new nuclear weapons; (2) maintaining existing nuclear weapons, and (3) maintaining the ability to develop and improve nuclear weapons. Substantial support was found among all three groups for increasing funding for: (1) enhancing nuclear weapons safety; (2) training nuclear weapons personnel; (3) preventing nuclear proliferation; and (4)more » preventing nuclear terrorism. Most respondents considered nuclear weapons to be a persistent feature of the post-cold war security environment.« less