Mechanotransduction of Neural Cells Through Cell-Substrate Interactions.
Mechanotransduction of Neural Cells Through Cell-Substrate Interactions.
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通过细胞-基质相互作用进行神经细胞的机械转导。
DOI：
10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0380
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Willits,RebeccaKuntz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stukel,JessicaM;Willits,RebeccaKuntz
神经元和神经干细胞对其机械和地形环境非常敏感，细胞-底物结合有助于这种敏感性，从而激活信号通路以实现基本的细胞功能。许多跨膜蛋白向细胞内外传递信号，包括整合素、生长因子受体、G蛋白偶联受体、钙粘附素、细胞黏附分子和离子通道。具体地说，整合素是一种主要的跨膜蛋白，可以在细胞和细胞外基质之间传递跨细胞膜的力量，这使得它们在细胞-材料相互作用的研究中至关重要。这篇综述集中在机械转导，定义为细胞通过细胞-底物键产生的力转化为神经细胞的化学信号。化学信号通过细胞质将信息传递到细胞核，在那里信号事件可以影响基因的表达。为了更好地了解底物结合对神经细胞机械转导的影响，我们探索了底物结合引发的通路和细胞反应。由于机械转导的结果影响细胞的黏附、细胞形状和分化，有关神经机械转导的知识对于组织工程中的大多数再生策略至关重要，组织工程中开发了新的环境来改进体内中枢和周围神经系统修复的管道设计。
Neurons and neural stem cells are sensitive to their mechanical and topographical environment, and cell–substrate binding contributes to this sensitivity to activate signaling pathways for basic cell functions. Many transmembrane proteins transmit signals into and out of the cell, including integrins, growth factor receptors, G-protein-coupled receptors, cadherins, cell adhesion molecules, and ion channels. Specifically, integrins are one of the main transmembrane proteins that transmit force across the cell membrane between a cell and its extracellular matrix, making them critical in the study of cell–material interactions. This review focuses on mechanotransduction, defined as the conversion of force a cell generates through cell–substrate bonds to a chemical signal, of neural cells. The chemical signals relay information via pathways through the cellular cytoplasm to the nucleus, where signaling events can affect gene expression. Pathways and the cellular response initiated by substrate binding are explored to better understand their effect on neural cells mechanotransduction. As the results of mechanotransduction affect cell adhesion, cell shape, and differentiation, knowledge regarding neural mechanotransduction is critical for most regenerative strategies in tissue engineering, where novel environments are developed to improve conduit design for central and peripheral nervous system repairin vivo.