The Effects of Simultaneous Dual Focus Lenses on Refractive Development in Infant Monkeys
The Effects of Simultaneous Dual Focus Lenses on Refractive Development in Infant Monkeys
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.14-14250
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Smith, Earl L., III
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arumugam, Baskar;Hung, Li-Fang;Smith, Earl L., III
目的.我们研究了两个同时施加的，竞争的焦平面对猴屈光发育的影响。从3周龄开始并持续至150 +/-4日龄，用双眼双焦点眼镜片饲养恒河猴。治疗镜片具有零屈光度的中心2 mm区域和交替屈光度为+3.0屈光度[D]和平光（pL或0 D）（n = 7; +3D/pL）或-3.0 D和平光（n = 7; -3D/pL）的同心环形区域。在整个治疗期间，每2周进行一次视网膜镜检查、角膜曲率测量和A扫描超声检查。为了进行比较，从两只眼睛上方用全视野（FF）+3.0（n = 4）或-3.0 D（n = 5）镜片饲养的猴子和33只视力不受限制的对照动物中获得数据。+3 D/pL镜片减缓眼睛生长，导致远视屈光不正，其与FF+3 D镜片产生的屈光不正相似（+3 D/pL = +5.25 D，FF +3 D = +4.63 D; P = 0.32），但比对照猴中观察到的屈光不正显著更远视（+2.50 D，P = 0.0001）。一只-3 D/pL猴出现了补偿性轴性近视;然而，在其他-3 D/pL猴中，屈光发展主要由治疗镜片的零屈光度部分主导。-3 D/pL猴的屈光不正较FF-3 D猴更远视（-3 D/pL = +3. 13 D，FF-3 D =-1. 69 D; P = 0. 01），但与对照组相似（P = 0. 15）。在用双焦点透镜治疗的猴子中，屈光发展由更前的（即，相对近视的）图像平面。结果表明，在视网膜的大部分上施加相对近视散焦是减缓眼睛生长的有效手段。
PURPOSE. We investigated the effects of two simultaneously imposed, competing focal planes on refractive development in monkeys.METHODS. Starting at 3 weeks of age and continuing until 150 +/- 4 days of age, rhesus monkeys were reared with binocular dual-focus spectacle lenses. The treatment lenses had central 2-mm zones of zero power and concentric annular zones with alternating powers of +3.0 diopter [D] and plano (pL or 0 D) (n = 7; +3D/pL) or -3.0 D and plano (n = 7; -3D/pL). Retinoscopy, keratometry, and A-scan ultrasonography were performed every 2 weeks throughout the treatment period. For comparison purposes data were obtained from monkeys reared with full field (FF) +3.0 (n = 4) or -3.0 D (n = 5) lenses over both eyes and 33 control animals reared with unrestricted vision.RESULTS. The +3 D/pL lenses slowed eye growth resulting in hyperopic refractive errors that were similar to those produced by FF+3 D lenses (+3 D/pL = +5.25 D, FF +3 D = +4.63 D; P = 0.32), but significantly more hyperopic than those observed in control monkeys (+2.50 D, P = 0.0001). One -3 D/pL monkey developed compensating axial myopia; however, in the other -3 D/pL monkeys refractive development was dominated by the zero-powered portions of the treatment lenses. The refractive errors for the -3 D/pL monkeys were more hyperopic than those in the FF -3 D monkeys (-3 D/pL = + 3.13 D, FF -3 D = -1.69 D; P = 0.01), but similar to those in control animals (P = 0.15).CONCLUSIONS. In the monkeys treated with dual-focus lenses, refractive development was dominated by the more anterior (i.e., relatively myopic) image plane. The results indicate that imposing relative myopic defocus over a large proportion of the retina is an effective means for slowing ocular growth.