Progress Report—Urban Political Ecology
Progress Report—Urban Political Ecology
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DOI：
10.2747/0272-3638.26.7.640
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发表时间：
2005-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
R. Keil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Keil
在我上一份报告（基尔，2003年）中，我强调了城市政治生态学（UPE）研究中的一些主要争论和思路。在本次综述中，我将基于这一框架，展示近期在期刊、书籍和会议上发表的一些丰富多样的研究成果。我将指出该领域的一些趋势，并认可一些主要成就。在更广泛的地理学领域以及更具体的政治生态学领域，人们仍然不太愿意接纳城市政治生态学。在每次讨论中，政治生态学中的“城市”概念仍需被强调，因为它显然与将自然置于城市之外的普遍预期相悖。其他一些在政治生态学方面堪称出色、具有标杆意义和权威性的学科著作，比如蒂姆·福赛思（2003年）和保罗·罗宾斯（2004年）的近期著作，大多没有对“城市”进行探讨。然而，在过去一年里，城市政治生态学受到了科学基金会和主流大众媒体的关注。在学术方面，例如，欧洲科学基金会（ESF）在其正在进行的城市科学前瞻性研究中为该学科留出了一些空间，特别是在科学、技术与社会研讨会（2005年1月在曼彻斯特的SURF中心举行）和城市风险研讨会（2004年6月在莱比锡环境研究中心举行）上。这种科学与政治相结合的活动将对未来几年欧洲城市研究的重新构想产生影响，这些研讨会的参与者已将城市政治生态学问题置于首要议程。比神秘的科学资助领域更具广泛影响力的是国际杂志。《纽约客》刊登了大卫·欧文一篇引人入胜的关于“绿色曼哈顿”的文章（欧文，2004年），该文挑战了北美常见的（杰斐逊式的）关于自然乡村和非自然城市的刻板印象：“大多数美国人，包括大多数纽约人，都认为纽约市是一场生态噩梦，是混凝土、垃圾、柴油烟雾和交通堵塞的荒原，但与美国其他地区相比，它是环境责任的典范”（欧文，2004年，第111页）。“纽约是最绿色的”这一违反直觉且具有挑衅性的论断
In my last report (Keil, 2003), I highlighted some of the main debates and lines of thought in work on urban political ecology (UPE). In the current review, I will build on this matrix and showcase some for the rich and diverse work that has been published recently in journals, books, and conferences. I will identify some trends and acknowledge some major achievements in the field. There is still a reluctance to take UPE on board in both geography more generally and political ecology more specifically. The “urban” in political ecology still has to be asserted in each conversation as it apparently continues to be counter to prevailing expectations that locate nature outside the city. Otherwise brilliant, standard-setting and definitive disciplinary work on political ecology, such as the recent volumes by Tim Forsythe (2003) and Paul Robbins (2004), left the “urban” mostly unexplored. Still, during the last year, UPE enjoyed the spotlight of both science foundations and mainstream popular media. On the academic side, for example, the European Science Foundation (ESF) has given the subject some space it its ongoing Urban Science forward look, especially the workshops on Science, Technology, and Society (held at the SURF Centre in Manchester in January, 2005) and Urban Risk (held at the Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig in June, 2004). This scientific-political exercise will be influential in the way urban research in Europe is re-envisioned in the coming years and participants in these workshops have placed urban political ecology issues at the top of the agenda. More widely popular than the arcane worlds of science funding are international magazines. The New Yorker ran a compelling article by David Owen on “Green Manhattan” (Owen, 2004), which challenged the common popular (Jeffersonian) North American stereotypes about the natural countryside and the unnatural city: “Most Americans, including most New Yorkers, think of New York City as an ecological nightmare, a wasteland of concrete and garbage and diesel fumes and traffic jams, but in comparison with the rest of America it’s a model of environmental responsibility” (Owen, 2004, p. 111). The counterintuitive and provocative statement that “New York is the greenest