Relative effects on atmospheric ozone of latitude and altitude of supersonic flight
Relative effects on atmospheric ozone of latitude and altitude of supersonic flight
复制标题
超音速飞行纬度和高度对大气臭氧的相对影响
作者：
D. Cunnold;F. Alyea;R. Prinn
报告了三种计算超音速飞机对臭氧的潜在消耗的方法。这些计算利用了一个二维大气模型和一个三维大气光化学动力学模型，其中臭氧和大气动力学变量是同时得出的。所有计算均基于1.8 x 10/sup 6/吨/年NO/sub 2/的连续大气注入。在45/sup 0/N和20公里，在平衡，导致总奇数氮（NO/sub y/）增加36%之间的8和38公里和全球臭氧消耗约12%。在45/sup 0/N和17 km处的注入产生了27%的NO/sub y/增加，但是，由于这种增加大部分发生在20 km以下，臭氧消耗量仅为6%。在10/sup 0/N和29 km高度注入导致NO/sub y/增加55%，而在20 km高度以上虽然有更多的消耗，但在该高度以下较少，臭氧消耗仅为12.5%。在这些计算中，相对全球消耗量被认为比绝对消耗量更有意义。在所有三项计算中，南半球的臭氧消耗量至少是北方半球的一半。
Three calculations are reported of the potential depletion of ozone by supersonic aircraft. These calculations utilized a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional photochemical-dynamical model of the atmosphere in which ozone and the dynamical variables of the atmosphere were derived simultaneously. All calculations were based on a continuous atmospheric injection of 1.8 x 10/sup 6/ tons/yr of NO/sub 2/. Injections at 45/sup 0/N and 20 km, at equilibrium, resulted in a 36% increase in total odd nitrogen (NO/sub y/) between 8 and 38 km and in global ozone depletion of approximately 12%. Injection at 45/sup 0/N and 17 km produced a 27% increase in NO/sub y/, but, because much of this increase occurred below 20 km, the ozone depletion amounted to only 6%. Injection at 10/sup 0/N and 29 km resulted in a 55% increase of NO/sub y/; however, although there was more depletion above 20 km altitude, there was less below that altitude, and the ozone depletion was only 12.5%. Relative global depletions are judged to be more meaningful than absolute depletions in these calculations. In all three calculations, at least half as much ozone depletion occurred in the Southern Hemisphere as in the Northern Hemisphere.