Modelling seawater carbonate chemistry in shellfish aquaculture regions: Insights into CO2 release associated with shell formation and growth
Modelling seawater carbonate chemistry in shellfish aquaculture regions: Insights into CO2 release associated with shell formation and growth
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.11.028
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发表时间：
2019-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
J. Morris;M. Humphreys
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Morris;M. Humphreys
软体动物养殖业是一项高价值产业，在欧洲和全球范围内产量正在迅速增加。近年来，人们一直在讨论这种粮食生产形式可能带来的广泛的环境效益。软体动物水产养殖的一个方面是生产钙质贝壳（CaCO3）。软体动物外壳的生长有时被描述为大气中二氧化碳的汇，因为它将碳以固体矿物的形式锁住。然而，更严格的碳酸盐化学模型，包括海水pco2、pH、溶解无机碳和总碱度的同步变化，表明钙化是大气的净二氧化碳源。结合关于软体动物呼吸是否应纳入碳足迹模型的讨论，这表明在将贝类水产养殖纳入碳交易计划和足迹计算之前，需要更深入的了解。在这里，我们表明，海洋碳酸盐岩体系的区域差异可以改变单位caco3形成的co2释放量。我们的碳酸盐化学模型显示，葡萄牙南部的一个沿海贻贝养殖场每形成1克caco3壳，就会释放高达~0.290 g的二氧化碳。相比之下，波罗的海沿海的一个相同的农场每克CaCO3产生的二氧化碳要高出33%（~0.385 g- co2·(g-CaCO3)−1）。因此，如果要将软体动物养殖业纳入未来的碳交易计划，以及在规划未来整个行业的生产扩张时，也应考虑到这种空间变异性。
Mollusc aquaculture is a high-value industry that is increasing production rapidly in Europe and across the globe. In recent years, there has been discussion of the potential wide-ranging environmental benefits of this form of food production. One aspect of mollusc aquaculture that has received scrutiny is the production of calcareous shells (CaCO3). Mollusc shell growth has sometimes been described as a sink for atmospheric CO2, as it locks away carbon in solid mineral form. However, more rigorous carbonate chemistry modelling, including concurrent changes in seawaterpCO2, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity, shows that calcification is a net CO2source to the atmosphere. Combined with discussions about whether mollusc respiration should be included in carbon footprint modelling, this suggests that greater in-depth understanding is required before shellfish aquaculture can be included in carbon trading schemes and footprint calculations. Here, we show that regional differences in the marine carbonate system can alter the amount of CO2released per unit CaCO3formation. Our carbonate chemistry modelling shows that a coastal mussel farm in southern Portugal releases up to ~0.290 g of CO2per g of CaCO3shell formed. In comparison, an identical farm in the coastal Baltic Sea would produce up to 33% more CO2per g of CaCO3(~0.385 g-CO2·(g-CaCO3)−1). This spatial variability should therefore also be considered if mollusc aquaculture is to be included in future carbon trading schemes, and in planning future expansion of production across the industry.