Microglial Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Disease.
Microglial Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Disease.
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小胶质细胞外泌体在神经退行性疾病中的作用
DOI：
10.3389/fnmol.2021.630808
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Cui M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo M;Hao Y;Feng Y;Li H;Mao Y;Dong Q;Cui M
小胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病（即帕金森病（PD）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS））中发挥重要作用。这些疾病具有一些相似的病理变化和一些与小胶质细胞相关的过程，包括免疫反应、神经炎症、吞噬作用、突触消除等。中枢神经系统（CNS）中的小胶质细胞在神经系统疾病中具有破坏性和保护性作用。此外，大量证据还表明，小胶质细胞在神经发生、神经元细胞死亡和突触相互作用中起着重要作用。小胶质细胞与神经元之间的通讯在调节复杂功能中起着至关重要的作用，而这些功能是调节大脑活动的关键。越来越多的研究也表明，由小胶质细胞释放的40-100 nm大小的外泌体可能是细胞间信号传导的关键介质。这些外泌体在多种生物体液中被鉴定为细胞起源，通过递送特定的货物，如蛋白质、microrna （miRNAs）和mrna来发挥作用。研究表明，小胶质外泌体可以转运到神经元并被神经元摄取，这可能对中枢神经系统疾病有益，也可能有害。本综述的重点是总结小胶质外泌体在与神经退行性疾病相关的关键病理中的作用，以及它们如何促进这些疾病，包括PD， AD和ALS。我们还回顾了小胶质细胞外泌体作为监测疾病进展的潜在生物标志物的应用，以及它们作为治疗神经退行性疾病的药物传递载体的作用。
Microglia play an important role in neurodegenerative disease [i.e., Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)]. These diseases share some similar pathological changes and several microglia-associated processes, including immune response, neuroinflammation, phagocytosis, elimination of synapses et al. Microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) has been described as having both destructive and protective effects in neurological disorders. Besides, considerable evidence also indicates that microglia play a significant role in neurogenesis, neuronal cell death, and synaptic interactions. The communication between microglia and neurons is of vital role in regulating complex functions which are key to appropriate the activity of the brain. Accumulating studies have also demonstrated that exosomes with sizes ranging from 40–100 nm, released by microglia, could serve as key mediators in intercellular signaling. These exosomes, identified in terms of cellular origin in many kinds of biological fluids, exert their effects by delivering specific cargos such as proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs. It was shown that microglial exosomes could transport to and be uptake by neurons, which may either be beneficial or instead, detrimental to CNS diseases. The focus of this review is to summarize the involvement of microglial exosomes in critical pathologies associated with neurodegenerative disease and how they contribute to these disorders, including PD, AD, and ALS. We also review the application of microglia exosomes as potential biomarkers in monitoring disease progression, as well as focusing on their roles as drug delivery vehicles in treating neurodegenerative disorders.
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DOI：
10.3233/jad-150088
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dinkins MB;Dasgupta S;Wang G;Zhu G;He Q;Kong JN;Bieberich E
通讯作者：
Bieberich E
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Dinkins MB;Dasgupta S;Wang G;Zhu G;Bieberich E
通讯作者：
Bieberich E
影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Danzer KM;Kranich LR;Ruf WP;Cagsal-Getkin O;Winslow AR;Zhu L;Vanderburg CR;McLean PJ
通讯作者：
McLean PJ
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Fernandes, Adelaide;Ribeiro, Ana Rita;Brites, Dora
通讯作者：
Brites, Dora
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Bliederhaeuser, Corinna;Grozdanov, Veselin;Danzer, Karin M.
通讯作者：
Danzer, Karin M.