The investigation of relationship between rural settlement density, size, spatial distribution and its geophysical parameters of China using Landsat TM images
The investigation of relationship between rural settlement density, size, spatial distribution and its geophysical parameters of China using Landsat TM images
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.01.023
复制
发表时间：
2012-04-24
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yaoqi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tian, Guangjin;Qiao, Zhi;Zhang, Yaoqi
利用从陆地卫星TM图像提取的土地利用矢量图，研究了中国农村居民点的密度、规模和空间分布。利用GIS软件计算了约7.56 × 10（5）个农村居民点的斑块密度（PD）、平均斑块大小（MPS）、斑块大小标准差（SD）、欧氏平均最近邻距离（MNN）和面积加权平均斑块分维（AWMPFD）。结果表明，我国农村居民点规模较小，总面积仅为16.27公顷，其中一半以上的居民点面积在10公顷以下。中国被划分为七个区域，并在七个区域之间以及每个区域内部调查区域差异。在这两个层次上研究了PD与数字高程模型（DEM）、年平均气温和年平均降水量的关系。而DEM对PD有负面影响，年平均温度和降水量对PD有混合的影响。在东北、华北平原、长江中下游平原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和西南地区，年平均气温对PD有较强的正影响，但在东南地区，相关性不明显，而在内蒙古高原和黄土高原，PD与年平均降水量呈显著正相关。东北、华北平原、长江中下游平原与长江中下游地区无明显相关性。在西北地区和青藏高原，PD与年平均气温和年平均降水量的关系不明显。研究结果还表明，年平均温度和年平均降水量没有多大的影响MPS的农村定居点的地形和DEM。农村定居点的地形和气候参数的影响比城市地区，农村人口更依赖于农业。农村住区与气候参数之间的关系反映了气候对人类生活环境以及粮食供应和生产力的影响。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This study investigates the rural settlement density, size, and spatial distribution in China using land use vector maps extracted from Landsat TM images. The patch density (PD), mean patch size (MPS), standard deviation of patch size (SD), Euclidian mean nearest neighbor distance (MNN), and area weighted mean patch fractal dimension (AWMPFD) were calculated by GIS software to measure the characteristics of about 7.56 x 10(5) rural settlements. The results indicate that rural residential settlements in China were small with MPS of only 16.27 ha, and more than half of them were below 10 ha. China is divided into seven regions and the regional disparity is investigated across the seven regions, as well as within each region. The relationship between PD and digital elevation model (DEM), annual mean temperature and annual mean precipitation was investigated at the two levels. While DEM had a negative impact on PD, the annual mean temperature and precipitation had a mixed impact on the PD. In Northeastern China, North China Plain, Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain, Inner Mongolia Plateau, Loess Plateau, and Southwestern China, the annual mean temperature had a strong positive impact on PD, but in the Southeastern China, no apparent correlation was found. While a significantly positive correlation between PD and annual mean precipitation was found in Inner Mongolia Plateau and Loess Plateau, a negative relation was found in Southeastern China and Southwestern China, and no obvious relationship found between them in Northeastern China, North China Plain, Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain. In Northwestern China and Tibet Plateau, there was no apparent relationship between PD and annual mean temperature and annual mean precipitation. The results also demonstrate that annual mean temperature and annual mean precipitation did not have as much impact on MPS of rural settlements as topography and DEM. Rural settlements are impacted more by the topography and climatic parameters than are urban areas, as rural populations are more dependent on agriculture. The relationship between rural settlements and climatic parameters reflects the climatic impact on human living environment and food availability and productivity. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.