Causal Role of Motor Preparation during Error-Driven Learning.
Causal Role of Motor Preparation during Error-Driven Learning.
复制标题
错误驱动学习期间运动准备的因果作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.019
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Shenoy,KrishnaV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vyas,Saurabh;O'Shea,DanielJ;Ryu,StephenI;Shenoy,KrishnaV
目前的理论表明，错误驱动的学习过程会不断更新，以促进运动适应。这一过程如何与运动皮质准备活动相互作用--目前的模型表明，这一活动在运动启动中起着关键作用--仍不清楚。在这里，我们评估了运动准备在视觉运动适应中的作用。我们发现，准备时间与当前试验的误差方差和后续试验的平均误差呈负相关。我们还发现了在运动准备过程中皮质内微刺激足以扰乱学习的因果证据。令人惊讶的是，刺激并没有影响当前的试验，相反，它扰乱了学习过程的更新计算，从而影响了随后的试验。这与贝叶斯估计框架是一致的，在贝叶斯估计框架中，电机系统通过在面对不确定性时降低误差敏感度来降低其学习率。运动准备和错误驱动的学习系统之间的这种相互作用可能有助于对逐次尝试适应的潜在机制进行新的探索。
Current theories suggest that an error-driven learning process updates trial-by-trial to facilitate motor adaptation. How this process interacts with motor cortical preparatory activity—which current models suggest plays a critical role in movement initiation—remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the role of motor preparation during visuomotor adaptation. We found that preparation time was inversely correlated to variance of errors on current trials and mean error on subsequent trials. We also found causal evidence that intracortical microstimulation during motor preparation was sufficient to disrupt learning. Surprisingly, stimulation did not affect current trials, but instead disrupted the update computation of a learning process, thereby affecting subsequent trials. This is consistent with a Bayesian estimation framework where the motor system reduces its learning rate by virtue of lowering error sensitivity when faced with uncertainty. This interaction between motor preparation and the error-driven learning system may facilitate new probes into mechanisms underlying trial-by-trial adaptation.