Opposing functions of β-arrestin 1 and 2 in Parkinson's disease via microglia inflammation and Nprl3.

Opposing functions of β-arrestin 1 and 2 in Parkinson's disease via microglia inflammation and Nprl3.
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β-arrestin 1 和 2 在帕金森病中通过小胶质细胞炎症和 Nprl3 的相反功能

DOI:
10.1038/s41418-020-00704-9
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发表时间:
2021-06
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Hu G
Hu G
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fang Y;Jiang Q;Li S;Zhu H;Xu R;Song N;Ding X;Liu J;Chen M;Song M;Ding J;Lu M;Wu G;Hu G

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β-抑制蛋白(β-arrestins,ARRBs)在帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)中具有重要的生理和病理生理作用,但其在PD中的作用和调控机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们发现β-arrestin 1(ARRB 1)和β-arrestin 2(ARRB 2)的表达在PD小鼠模型中受到调节,特别是在小胶质细胞中。ARRB 1消融改善了PD的病理特征,而ARRB 2敲除改善了PD的病理特征,包括体内多巴胺能神经元丢失、神经炎症和小胶质细胞活化,以及体外小胶质细胞介导的神经元损伤。我们还证明了ARRB 1和ARRB 2对小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞原代培养物中的炎症和炎症性STAT 1和NF-κB通路的激活产生不利影响,并且两种ARRB竞争性地与NF-κB通路的一种组分p65的活化形式相互作用。我们进一步发现,ARRB 1和ARRB 2差异调节氮通透酶调节因子样3(Nprl 3),一个功能不佳的蛋白质,如RNA测序所揭示的表达,并在增益和功能丧失的研究,Nprl 3介导的小胶质细胞炎症反应的两个ARRB的功能。总的来说,这些数据表明,两个密切相关的ARRB发挥相反的功能,在小胶质细胞介导的炎症和PD的发病机制,这是介导的至少部分通过Nprl 3,并提供新的见解了解的功能分歧的ARRB在PD。
Although β-arrestins (ARRBs) regulate diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes, their functions and regulation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain poorly defined. In this study, we show that the expression of β-arrestin 1 (ARRB1) and β-arrestin 2 (ARRB2) is reciprocally regulated in PD mouse models, particularly in microglia. ARRB1 ablation ameliorates, whereas ARRB2 knockout aggravates, the pathological features of PD, including dopaminergic neuron loss, neuroinflammation and microglia activation in vivo, and microglia-mediated neuron damage in vitro. We also demonstrate that ARRB1 and ARRB2 produce adverse effects on inflammation and activation of the inflammatory STAT1 and NF-κB pathways in primary cultures of microglia and macrophages and that two ARRBs competitively interact with the activated form of p65, a component of the NF-κB pathway. We further find that ARRB1 and ARRB2 differentially regulate the expression of nitrogen permease regulator-like 3 (Nprl3), a functionally poorly characterized protein, as revealed by RNA sequencing, and that in the gain- and loss-of-function studies, Nprl3 mediates the functions of both ARRBs in microglia inflammatory responses. Collectively, these data demonstrate that two closely related ARRBs exert opposite functions in microglia-mediated inflammation and the pathogenesis of PD which are mediated at least in part through Nprl3 and provide novel insights into the understanding of the functional divergence of ARRBs in PD.
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