The tendency to sign-track predicts cue-induced reinstatement during nicotine self-administration, and is enhanced by nicotine but not ethanol.
The tendency to sign-track predicts cue-induced reinstatement during nicotine self-administration, and is enhanced by nicotine but not ethanol.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-016-4341-7
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Meyer PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Versaggi CL;King CP;Meyer PJ
有些人对奖励相关的刺激（“线索”）特别敏感，包括这些线索对药物渴求和复发的影响。在尼古丁和酒精的情况下，线索可能通过药物的激励增强特性获得这些能力。为了确定线索反应和尼古丁强化之间的相互作用，我们研究了大鼠尼古丁自我给药的模式，根据它们接近食物预测线索（“信号跟踪器”）或奖励传递位置（“目标跟踪器”）的倾向进行分类。在第二个实验中，我们确定尼古丁和乙醇是否改变了食物线索的激励价值。大鼠被归类为标志或目标跟踪在巴甫洛夫条件反射的方法范例。然后大鼠自我静脉注射尼古丁（0.03 mg/kg输注），然后进行消退和提示诱导的恢复试验。我们还测试了尼古丁（0.4mg/kg碱s.c.）或乙醇（0.7g/kg i. p.）关于食物提示的方法和强化功效。信号追踪者对尼古丁提示的反应更强。此外，尼古丁增强了对食物线索的信号跟踪，但没有增强对食物线索的目标跟踪，并且在条件强化测试期间也增强了对食物线索的响应。相反，乙醇减少了符号跟踪和增加目标跟踪，但对条件强化没有影响。我们的研究表明，倾向于奖励价值的食物线索预测增强线索诱导的恢复。此外，尼古丁和乙醇对食物线索的刺激值有不同的调节作用，这可能与这些药物的强化作用有关。
Some individuals are particularly responsive to reward-associated stimuli (“cues”), including the effects of these cues on craving and relapse to drug-seeking behavior. In the cases of nicotine and alcohol, cues may acquire these abilities via the incentive-enhancing properties of the drug. To determine the interaction between cue-responsivity and nicotine reinforcement, we studied the patterns of nicotine self-administration in rats categorized based on their tendency to approach a food predictive cue (“sign-trackers”) or a reward-delivery location (“goal-trackers”). In a second experiment, we determined whether nicotine and ethanol altered the incentive value of a food cue. Rats were classified as sign- or goal-trackers during a Pavlovian conditioned approach paradigm. Rats then self-administered intravenous nicotine (0.03 mg/kg infusions) followed by extinction and cue induced reinstatement tests. We also tested the effects of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg base s.c.) or ethanol (0.7 g/kg i.p.) on the approach to, and reinforcing efficacy of, a food cue. Sign-trackers showed greater reinstatement in response to a nicotine cue. Further, nicotine enhanced sign-tracking but not goal-tracking to a food cue, and also enhanced responding for the food cue during the conditioned reinforcement test. Conversely, ethanol reduced sign-tracking and increased goal-tracking, but had no effect on conditioned reinforcement. Our studies demonstrate that the tendency to attribute incentive value to a food cue predicts enhanced cue-induced reinstatement. Additionally, the incentive value of food cues is differentially modulated by nicotine and ethanol, which may be related to the reinforcing effects of these drugs.