Bacterial Vaginosis Biofilms: Challenges to Current Therapies and Emerging Solutions.
Bacterial Vaginosis Biofilms: Challenges to Current Therapies and Emerging Solutions.
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细菌性阴道病生物膜：对当前疗法和新兴溶液的挑战。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01528
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cerca N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Machado D;Castro J;Palmeira-de-Oliveira A;Martinez-de-Oliveira J;Cerca N
细菌性阴道病（BV）是女性育龄期最常见的生殖道感染，它与严重的健康并发症有关，例如早产和几种性传播媒介的获得或传播。 BV 的特点是有益乳酸杆菌减少，而厌氧菌数量显着增加，包括阴道加德纳菌、阴道阿托波菌、动杆菌属、拟杆菌属。 BV 本质上是多种微生物，其病因仍不清楚。然而，可以肯定的是，BV 涉及厚厚的阴道多物种生物膜的存在，其中阴道加德纳菌是主要物种。与许多其他生物膜相关感染中发生的情况类似，标准抗生素（如甲硝唑）无法完全根除阴道生物膜，这可以解释 BV 的高复发率。此外，抗生素治疗还会对健康的阴道微生物群造成负面影响。这些问题引发了开发替代治疗策略的兴趣。这篇综述提供了目前批准和可用的 BV 治疗抗生素的简要概述，同时概述了正在探索的治疗这种疾病的新策略，特别关注能够克服生物膜相关抗生素耐药性的天然化合物。
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common genital tract infection in women during their reproductive years and it has been associated with serious health complications, such as preterm delivery and acquisition or transmission of several sexually transmitted agents. BV is characterized by a reduction of beneficial lactobacilli and a significant increase in number of anaerobic bacteria, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp., Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp.. Being polymicrobial in nature, BV etiology remains unclear. However, it is certain that BV involves the presence of a thick vaginal multi-species biofilm, where G. vaginalis is the predominant species. Similar to what happens in many other biofilm-related infections, standard antibiotics, like metronidazole, are unable to fully eradicate the vaginal biofilm, which can explain the high recurrence rates of BV. Furthermore, antibiotic therapy can also cause a negative impact on the healthy vaginal microflora. These issues sparked the interest in developing alternative therapeutic strategies. This review provides a quick synopsis of the currently approved and available antibiotics for BV treatment while presenting an overview of novel strategies that are being explored for the treatment of this disorder, with special focus on natural compounds that are able to overcome biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance.