Molecular characterization and function of tenomodulin, a marker of tendons and ligaments that integrate musculoskeletal components.
Molecular characterization and function of tenomodulin, a marker of tendons and ligaments that integrate musculoskeletal components.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jdsr.2016.04.003
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发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hiraki Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shukunami C;Yoshimoto Y;Takimoto A;Yamashita H;Hiraki Y
肌腱和韧带是结缔组织的致密纤维带，在脊椎动物中整合肌肉骨骼成分。肌腱将骨骼肌连接到骨骼并作为机械力传递器，而韧带将相邻的骨骼结合在一起以稳定关节并限制不必要的关节运动。肌腱和韧带中的成纤维细胞分别称为肌腱细胞和韧带细胞。腱调节蛋白（Tnmd）是一种II型跨膜糖蛋白，在腱细胞和韧带细胞中高水平表达，也存在于牙周韧带细胞和肌腱干/祖细胞中。Tnmd与软骨调节素1（Chm 1）相关，Chm 1是一种软骨源性血管生成抑制剂，Tnmd和Chm 1都在CD 31 −无血管间充质中表达。这些蛋白质的保守的C-末端疏水结构域，其特征在于由8个Cys残基形成4个二硫键，可能具有抗血管生成功能。这篇综述强调了肌腱和韧带的特异性标记物Tnmd的分子特征和功能。
Tendons and ligaments are dense fibrous bands of connective tissue that integrate musculoskeletal components in vertebrates. Tendons connect skeletal muscles to the bone and function as mechanical force transmitters, whereas ligaments bind adjacent bones together to stabilize joints and restrict unwanted joint movement. Fibroblasts residing in tendons and ligaments are called tenocytes and ligamentocytes, respectively. Tenomodulin (Tnmd) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed at high levels in tenocytes and ligamentocytes, and is also present in periodontal ligament cells and tendon stem/progenitor cells. Tnmd is related to chondromodulin-1 (Chm1), a cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, and both Tnmd and Chm1 are expressed in the CD31− avascular mesenchyme. The conserved C-terminal hydrophobic domain of these proteins, which is characterized by the eight Cys residues to form four disulfide bonds, may have an anti-angiogenic function. This review highlights the molecular characterization and function of Tnmd, a specific marker of tendons and ligaments.