Oral care in the adult intensive care unit.
Oral care in the adult intensive care unit.
复制标题
成人重症监护室的口腔护理。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Pellegrini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julie Fitch;C. Munro;Cameron Glass;J. Pellegrini
背景
护士没有接受过评估重症监护室患者口腔状况的正式培训，也没有针对这些患者的口腔护理方案。
目标
评估重症监护病房患者的口腔状况，评价定义的口腔护理方案对重症监护病房患者口腔健康状况的影响，并比较牙科医生与重症监护护士的口腔评估。
方法
采用非等效对照组，纵向设计，重复测量。在第1阶段，由牙科医师收集对照组的口腔评估数据。在第2阶段，护士接受了口腔评估和口腔护理方案的指导。在第3阶段，治疗组实施口腔护理方案，口腔评估数据分别由牙科医生和护士收集。
结果
治疗组的平均炎症评分（平均值，3.9; SEM，3.0）显著低于对照组（平均值，12.4; SEM，2.2）（t检验P = 0.03）。虽然不显著，但治疗组在念珠菌病、化脓、出血和斑块方面的平均评分也低于对照组。牙科保健员与护士在口腔评估工具上获得的各个项目评分之间的相关性均大于0.6386。
结论
实施一个完善的口腔护理协议的床边护士可以改善口腔健康的病人在重症监护病房。
BACKGROUND
Nurses have not been formally trained in assessing the oral status of patients in intensive care units, and no oral care protocols for these patients are available.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the oral status of patients in an intensive care unit, evaluate the effects of a defined oral care protocol on the oral health status of patients in an intensive care unit, and compare oral assessments of a dental hygienist with those of intensive care nurses.
METHODS
A nonequivalent comparison group, longitudinal design with repeated measures was used. In phase 1, oral assessment data on the comparison group were collected by a dental hygienist. In phase 2, nurses were instructed in oral assessment and an oral care protocol. In phase 3, the oral care protocol was implemented in the treatment group, and oral assessment data were collected separately by the dental hygienist and by nurses.
RESULTS
The mean inflammation score was significantly lower (t test P = .03) in the treatment group (mean, 3.9; SEM, 3.0) than in the comparison group (mean, 12.4; SEM, 2.2). Although not significant, the mean scores of the treatment group were also lower than those of the comparison group on scales of candidiasis, purulence, bleeding, and plaque. Correlations between scores for individual items on the oral assessment tool obtained by the dental hygienist and those obtained by nurses were all greater than 0.6386.
CONCLUSION
Implementation of a well-developed oral care protocol by bedside nurses can improve oral health of patients in the intensive care unit.