Modelling trade-offs between mortality and fitness associated with persistent blood feeding by mosquitoes
Modelling trade-offs between mortality and fitness associated with persistent blood feeding by mosquitoes
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1461-0248.1999.22055.x
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Roitberg, BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, RA;Roitberg, BD
蚊子的取食持续性（即在第一餐不完全的情况下在短时间内再次攻击的倾向）是取食成功的关键决定因素（此处定义为血粉体积），特别是对于攻击防御性宿主的蚊子。脊椎动物宿主的死亡风险是一种成本，可能会对第二次和随后的膳食增加生殖力产生权衡，这取决于血液来源的可用性和生存到下一个生殖营养周期的概率。我们最初使用随机模拟模型来研究从潜在危险宿主获得血液的持久性和非持久性蚊子系在繁殖力和生存方面的潜在权衡。在这些模型中，给定的策略，即持久性或缺乏持久性，在蚊子的一生中是固定的。当与喂食相关的死亡率相对较低至中等时，以及当在给定尝试中获得血液的概率相对较低时，持久性吸血相对于非持久性蚊子是有回报的。在以太方面，当获得血液的机会很高时，非持久性策略倾向于提供相对较高的繁殖力。我们还研究了持久性作为蚊子的喂养策略的影响，这些蚊子可以在其一生中以灵活的方式表现出这种行为，以应对状态。我们解决了最佳的喂养行为与随机动态规划模型建立了沿着类似的线模拟模型。这种方法的结果支持了这样一种观点，即蚊子应该继续进食的阈值血粉大小应该相对于蚊子的年龄而变化。本研究中使用的建模方法确定了蚊子吸血行为未来研究的重要领域。
Feeding persistence of mosquitoes (that tendency to attack again within a short period ii a first meal is incomplete) is a key determinant of feeding success (defined here as blood-meal volume), especially with regard to mosquitoes that attack defensive hosts. Mortality risk from the vertebrate host is one cost that may be expected to create a trade-off against increased fecundity from second and subsequent meals depending on the availability of blood sources and on the probability of survival until the next gonotrophic cycle. We initially used stochastic simulation models to examine potential trade-offs in fecundity and survival for persistent and nonpersistent lines of mosquitoes that acquire blood from potentially dangerous hosts. In these models, a given strategy, i.e. persistence or the lack thereof, was fixed for the lifetime of the mosquito. Persistent blood feeding paid off relative to nonpersistent mosquitoes when feeding-associated mortality was relatively low to moderate and when the probability of obtaining blood on a given attempt was relatively low. On the ether hand, the nonpersistent strategy tended to give relatively higher fecundity when the chances of obtaining blood were high. We also examined the implications of persistence as a feeding strategy for mosquitoes that could exhibit this behaviour in a flexible manner over their lifetime in response to state. We solved for optimal feeding behaviours with a stochastic dynamic programming model set up along similar lines to the simulation model. Results from this approach lend support to the idea that the threshold blood-meal size at which mosquitoes should continue to feed should change relative to the age of the mosquito. The modelling approaches used in this study identified important areas of future study for mosquito blood-feeding behaviour.