The Advantage of Playing Home in NBA: Microscopic, Team-Specific and Evolving Features.
The Advantage of Playing Home in NBA: Microscopic, Team-Specific and Evolving Features.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0152440
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zeng XH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ribeiro HV;Mukherjee S;Zeng XH
在主场比赛时，球队的成功率会增加，这一观点被广泛接受，并在各种体育项目中得到了证明。对所谓的“主场优势现象”的调查可以追溯到70年代，从那时起就引起了学者和体育爱好者的注意。这些研究主要集中在识别这种现象，并试图将其与外部因素（如人群噪音和裁判偏见）联系起来。很少有人知道主场优势对比赛“微观”动态的影响（游戏邦注：即在比赛中），或者这种现象的可能的特定于球队的进化特征。在这里，我们详细研究了美国国家篮球协会（NBA）之前的这些特征。通过分析跨越13个NBA赛季的1.6万多场比赛的详细记录，我们发现主场优势通过提高得分率和减少主场比赛球队得分之间的时间间隔来影响比赛的微观动态。我们验证了这两个特征在NBA球队之间是不同的，例如，克利夫兰骑士队在主场比赛时的得分率每分钟增加≈0.16分（2004-05赛季至2013-14赛季的平均得分率），而新泽西网队（现在的布鲁克林网队）的得分率每分钟仅增加≈0.04分。我们进一步观察到，当团队分析结果时，这些微观特征已经随着时间的推移以一种非琐碎的方式进化。然而，在对所有球队进行平均后，一些规律出现了；特别是，我们注意到得分率和特征时间（与得分之间的时间间隔有关）的平均差异随着时间的推移略有下降，这表明这种现象正在减弱。因此，这项研究增加了主场优势现象的证据，并有助于更深入地理解这种影响在比赛过程中。
The idea that the success rate of a team increases when playing home is broadly accepted and documented for a wide variety of sports. Investigations on the so-called “home advantage phenomenon” date back to the 70’s and ever since has attracted the attention of scholars and sport enthusiasts. These studies have been mainly focused on identifying the phenomenon and trying to correlate it with external factors such as crowd noise and referee bias. Much less is known about the effects of home advantage in the “microscopic” dynamics of the game (within the game) or possible team-specific and evolving features of this phenomenon. Here we present a detailed study of these previous features in the National Basketball Association (NBA). By analyzing play-by-play events of more than sixteen thousand games that span thirteen NBA seasons, we have found that home advantage affects the microscopic dynamics of the game by increasing the scoring rates and decreasing the time intervals between scores of teams playing home. We verified that these two features are different among the NBA teams, for instance, the scoring rate of the Cleveland Cavaliers team is increased ≈0.16 points per minute (on average the seasons 2004–05 to 2013–14) when playing home, whereas for the New Jersey Nets (now the Brooklyn Nets) this rate increases in only ≈0.04 points per minute. We further observed that these microscopic features have evolved over time in a non-trivial manner when analyzing the results team-by-team. However, after averaging over all teams some regularities emerge; in particular, we noticed that the average differences in the scoring rates and in the characteristic times (related to the time intervals between scores) have slightly decreased over time, suggesting a weakening of the phenomenon. This study thus adds evidence of the home advantage phenomenon and contributes to a deeper understanding of this effect over the course of games.