Executive Function, Memory, and Gait Speed Decline in Well-Functioning Older Adults
Executive Function, Memory, and Gait Speed Decline in Well-Functioning Older Adults
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glq111
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Newman, A. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watson, N. L.;Rosano, C.;Newman, A. B.
背景资料。在社区居住的老年人中，全局认知功能预测纵向步态速度下降。很少有前瞻性研究评估年龄增长中特定的执行认知缺陷是否会导致步态随着时间的推移而变慢。在健康、老龄化和身体成分研究的认知活力子研究中，909名参与者在基线下接受了多项认知任务(平均年龄75.2+/-2.8岁，50.6%的女性，48.4%的黑人)。在基线和5年以上的随访中，评估20分钟以上的正常步速(m/S)。在每项认知任务中表现较差的人与步态较慢有关，与人口统计学和健康特征无关。在纵向分析中，在调整了基线步速、人口学和健康特征后，每1个SD在整体功能、言语记忆和执行功能方面表现较差与0.003-0.004 m/S每年步速下降幅度较大相关(p=0.03-0.05)。在这个功能良好的队列中，几项认知任务与步态速度横截面相关，并预测了纵向步态速度下降。这些数据与认知和运动衰退背后的共同病理是一致的，但并不表明特定的执行认知缺陷是衰老过程中通常步态放缓的原因。
Background. In community-dwelling older adults, global cognitive function predicts longitudinal gait speed decline. Few prospective studies have evaluated whether specific executive cognitive deficits in aging may account for gait slowing over time.Methods. Multiple cognitive tasks were administered at baseline in 909 participants in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study Cognitive Vitality Substudy (mean age 75.2 +/- 2.8 years, 50.6% women, 48.4% black). Usual gait speed (m/s) over 20 minutes was assessed at baseline and over a 5-year follow-up.Results. Poorer performance in each cognitive task was cross-sectionally associated with slower gait independent of demographic and health characteristics. In longitudinal analyses, each 1 SD poorer performance in global function, verbal memory, and executive function was associated with 0.003-0.004 m/s greater gait speed decline per year (p=.03-.05) after adjustment for baseline gait speed, demographic, and health characteristics.Conclusions. In this well-functioning cohort, several cognitive tasks were associated with gait speed cross-sectionally and predicted longitudinal gait speed decline. These data are consistent with a shared pathology underlying cognitive and motor declines but do not suggest that specific executive cognitive deficits account for slowing of usual gait in aging.