Adolescent sleep patterns, circadian timing, and sleepiness at a transition to early school days
Adolescent sleep patterns, circadian timing, and sleepiness at a transition to early school days
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/21.8.871
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发表时间：
1998-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Seifer, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carskadon, MA;Wolfson, AR;Seifer, R
研究目的：本研究探讨影响青少年的睡眠模式，嗜睡，昼夜节律阶段的学校过渡需要一个较早的start.Design和设置：青少年进行了评估，在第9和第10年级，在第9年级的开学时间为0825，在第10年级为0720。在每个点的评估包括2周的活动记录仪和睡眠日记，然后是22小时的实验室评估，包括在昏暗的灯光下每30分钟采集一次唾液样本，用于测定昏暗的唾液褪黑激素起始期（DLSMO）、夜间睡眠监测和多次睡眠潜伏期测试（MSTO）。32人在9年级完成研究，26人在10年级完成研究。干预措施：参与者保持自己的时间表，除了实验室的夜晚是根据学校夜间睡眠patterns.Measurements和结果：根据活动记录，学生醒来早在学校的日子在10日比在9年级，但他们没有去睡觉早，他们睡less. DLSMO阶段晚于10年级（平均值= 2102）比9年级（平均值= 2024）。总体而言，第10天（平均= 8.5分钟）的MPEG4睡眠潜伏期短于第9天（平均= 11分钟）。4分钟），特别是在早上8点30分的第一次测试中（5.1对10.9分钟）。在10年级的参与者中，16%的人发生了两次REM发作; 48%的人发生了一次REM发作。当那些与REM睡眠的一个或两个早晨MSLT（n=11）相比，那些没有早晨REM，显着差异包括较短的睡眠潜伏期的第一次测试，前一天晚上慢波睡眠较少，和后来的DLSMO相在那些谁有早晨REM。结论：早开始时间与显着的睡眠剥夺和白天嗜睡。快速眼动睡眠的发生表明，临床医生在解释青少年的快速眼动睡眠时应谨慎，以他们的“常规”时间表进行评估。心理社会影响和控制睡眠的生物调节系统的变化可能会限制青少年对早期学校时间表进行适当调整的能力。
Study Objectives: This study examined effects on adolescent sleep patterns, sleepiness, and circadian phase of a school transition requiring an earlier start.Design and Setting: Adolescents were evaluated in 9th and 10th grades; school start time in 9th grade was 0825 and in 10th grade was 0720. Assessments at each point included 2 weeks of actigraphy and sleep diaries at home, followed by a 22-hour laboratory evaluation, including evening saliva samples every 30 minutes in dim light for determination of dim-light salivary melatonin onset phase (DLSMO), overnight sleep monitoring, and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT).Participants: Twenty-five females and 15 males, ages 14 to 16.2 were enrolled; 32 completed the study in 9th grade and 26 completed in 10th grade. Interventions: Participants kept their own schedules, except that laboratory nights were scheduled based upon school-night sleep patterns.Measurements and Results: According to actigraphy, students woke earlier on school days in 10th than in 9th grade, but they did not go to sleep earlier and they slept less. DLSMO phase was later in 10th grade (mean = 2102) than 9th grade (mean = 2024). Sleep latency on MSLT overall was shorter in 10th (mean = 8.5 minutes) than in 9th (mean = 11. 4 minutes), particularly on the first test of the morning at 0830 (5.1 vs 10.9 minutes). Two REM episodes on MSLT occurred in 16% of participants in 10th grade; one REM episode occurred in 48%. When those with REM sleep on one or both morning MSLTs (n=11) were compared to those without morning REM, significant differences included shorter sleep latency on the first test, less slow wave sleep the night before, and later DLSMO phase in those who had morning REM.Conclusions: Early start time was associated with significant sleep deprivation and daytime sleepiness. The occurrence of REM sleep an MSLT indicates that clinicians should exercise caution in interpreting MSLT REM sleep in adolescents evaluated on their "usual" schedules. Psychosocial influences and changes in bioregulatory systems controlling sleep may limit teenagers' capacities to make adequate adjustments to an early school schedule.