Photonic Crystals with a Defect Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization for the Infrared Spectral Range
Photonic Crystals with a Defect Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization for the Infrared Spectral Range
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/opt2040027
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hofmann, Tino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stinson, Victoria Paige;Park, Serang;Hofmann, Tino
利用双光子聚合技术，从一种光敏聚合物中制备了具有高密度和低密度交替层的一维光子晶体。通过引入单层高密度层来打破光子晶体的周期性，引入窄带缺陷模。缺陷模位于一维光子晶体的光子带隙中心。利用红外反射测量对所制备的光子晶体进行了研究。在光子晶体的光谱响应的设计和表征中采用了分层光学模型。一个非常好的协议之间的模型计算和测量的反射光谱。通过光学模型分析得到的光子晶体的几何参数与光子晶体成分的名义尺寸非常一致。这得到了扫描电子显微镜成像的支持，该成像验证了模型计算的标称层厚度。传统上，这种结构的精确制造将需要层独立的打印参数，这难以以高精度获得。在这项研究中，采用另一种方法，使用密度相关的比例因子，在这里首次介绍。使用这些比例因子，可以快速且真实地设计制造具有显着不同表面积与体积比的层的方法。所报道的观测结果还表明，缺陷模式的位置和振幅对光子晶体结构中的任何层厚度不均匀性极其敏感。考虑到这些能力，具有缺陷模式的一维光子晶体可以用作窄带滤波器，同时还提供了一种量化重要制造参数的方法。
One-dimensional photonic crystals composed of alternating layers with high- and low-density were fabricated using two-photon polymerization from a single photosensitive polymer for the infrared spectral range. By introducing single high-density layers to break the periodicity of the photonic crystals, a narrow-band defect mode is induced. The defect mode is located in the center of the photonic bandgap of the one-dimensional photonic crystal. The fabricated photonic crystals were investigated using infrared reflection measurements. Stratified-layer optical models were employed in the design and characterization of the spectral response of the photonic crystals. A very good agreement was found between the model-calculated and measured reflection spectra. The geometric parameters of the photonic crystals obtained as a result of the optical model analysis were found to be in good agreement with the nominal dimensions of the photonic crystal constituents. This is supported by complimentary scanning electron microscope imaging, which verified the model-calculated, nominal layer thicknesses. Conventionally, the accurate fabrication of such structures would require layer-independent print parameters, which are difficult to obtain with high precision. In this study an alternative approach is employed, using density-dependent scaling factors, introduced here for the first time. Using these scaling factors a fast and true-to-design method for the fabrication of layers with significantly different surface-to-volume ratios. The reported observations furthermore demonstrate that the location and amplitude of defect modes is extremely sensitive to any layer thickness non-uniformities in the photonic crystal structure. Considering these capabilities, one-dimensional photonic crystals engineered with defect modes can be employed as narrow band filters, for instance, while also providing a method to quantify important fabrication parameters.