Holocene Environmental Change and Its Impacts on Cultural Development in the Central Region of Shandong Province
Holocene Environmental Change and Its Impacts on Cultural Development in the Central Region of Shandong Province
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
D. Min
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作者：
D. Min
全新世环境变化和气候事件对古文化发展的影响是环境考古学的研究热点。根据鲁中山城村剖面全新世黄土-古土壤序列与古文化土层的关系，利用土壤色度、磁化率、粒度、碳酸钙等气候指标，揭示了全新世气候的演化过程：早期（11500 ~ 8500 a B.P.）变暖，中期（8500 a B.P. ~ 3100 a B.P.）变暖，后期（3100 a B.P.）变冷。大暖期记录了8200 a B.P.、5500 a B.P.和4000 a B.P.三次冷事件。通过对全新世气候阶段、气候事件与古文化时空耦合关系的分析，发现在全新世最温暖、最湿润的时期（8500-4000 a B.P.），后力文化、北新文化、大汶口文化和龙山文化相继发展。与此同时，8200a b.p.和5500 a b.p.的气候事件对文化发展没有显著的负面影响，相反，它们起到了促进作用。4000 a BP气候事件在土壤剖面上表现出明显的证据，北部和东北地区频繁发生的大量沙尘暴和降尘使龙山人的生存环境迅速恶化，从而使水稻文化遭到极大破坏，人地资源矛盾突出，使优秀的龙山文化被淳朴的Yeushi文化所取代。
It is a research focus of environmental archaeology that the influences of Holocene environmental changes and climatic events on the development of ancient culture.Based on the relationship between Holocene Loess-paleosol sequence and ancient cultural layer of soil buried at Shanchengcun profile in central Shandong,the soil chroma,magnetic susceptibility,grain size,calcium carbonate and other climatic proxy were utilized,and the evolution of Holocene climate was revealed: it got warmer at the early stage(115 00-8 500 a B.P.),and warm and himid at the middle stage(8500 a B.P.-3100 a B.P.),and cool at later stage(3100 a B.P.).Three cold events(8200 a B.P.,5500 a B.P.and 4000 a B.P.) were recorded in the megathermal period.Through the analysis of the coupling relationship between the Holocene climate stages,climatic events and ancient cultural space-time,it was revealed that during the warmest and humidest stage of Holocene(8500-4000 a B.P.),the Houli culture,Beixin culture,Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture were developed one by one.Meanwhile,the climate events in 8200 a B.P.and 5500 a B.P.did not have a significantly negative impact on cultural development,on the other hand,they played a catalytic action.4000 a BP climate event showed an obvious evidence in the soil profiles,and a large amount of dust storms and dust-fall occurred frequently from the north and northeast regions caused the surviving environment of Longshan people deteriorated rapidly,and therefore made the rice culture be greatly destroyed,and the conflict between human and land resources outstanding,which causing the excellent Longshan culture be displaced by simple and unsophisticated Yeushi culture.