Using cross-species comparisons and a neurobiological framework to understand early social deprivation effects on behavioral development.
Using cross-species comparisons and a neurobiological framework to understand early social deprivation effects on behavioral development.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579415000036
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Drury SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brett ZH;Humphreys KL;Fleming AS;Kraemer GW;Drury SS
基于大脑发育的交易模型，我们探讨了早期母体剥夺对三个神经系统神经发育和可塑性的影响：多动/冲动，执行功能和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴在啮齿动物，非人灵长类动物和人类研究中的功能。认识到早期母婴相互作用的复杂性，我们限制我们的跨物种比较的数据从啮齿动物模型的人工饲养，非人灵长类动物研究的同伴养育，这两个实验方法和人类研究的儿童暴露于早期严重的社会心理剥夺与机构护理之间的关系。除了讨论这些范式的优势和局限性，我们目前的研究现状的神经生物学影响的早期孕产妇剥夺和敏感时期的证据，注意方法上的挑战。整合临床前动物模型和人类研究的数据，我们推测了潜在的生物学机制;由于时间因素（包括发病、偏移和暴露持续时间）导致的剥夺的不同影响;以及青春期敏感期重新开放的可能性和后果。
Building upon the transactional model of brain development, we explore the impact of early maternal deprivation on neural development and plasticity in three neural systems: hyperactivity/impulsivity, executive function, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis functioning across rodent, nonhuman primate, and human studies. Recognizing the complexity of early maternal–infant interactions, we limit our cross-species comparisons to data from rodent models of artificial rearing, nonhuman primate studies of peer rearing, and the relations between these two experimental approaches and human studies of children exposed to the early severe psychosocial deprivation associated with institutional care. In addition to discussing the strengths and limitations of these paradigms, we present the current state of research on the neurobiological impact of early maternal deprivation and the evidence of sensitive periods, noting methodological challenges. Integrating data across preclinical animal models and human studies, we speculate about the underlying biological mechanisms; the differential impact of deprivation due to temporal factors including onset, offset, and duration of the exposure; and the possibility and consequences of reopening of sensitive periods during adolescence.